{"NOAAStudyId":"14652","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-07-11","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-14652.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1096,"earliestYearCE":854,"entryId":"noaa-cave-14652","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"0823554, 1103360"},{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation of China ","fundingGrant":"41230524"}],"investigators":"McCabe-Glynn, S.; Johnson, K.R.; Strong, C.; Berkelhammer, M.B.; Sinha, A.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.","mostRecentYearBP":-57,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14652","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Precipitation in southwestern North America has exhibited significant natural variability over the past few thousand years. This variability has been attributed to sea surface temperature regimes in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, and to the attendant shifts in atmospheric circulation patterns. In particular, decadal variability in the North Pacific has influenced precipitation in this region during the twentieth century, but links to earlier droughts and pluvials are unclear. Here we assess these links using δ18O data from a speleothem from southern California that spans AD 854-2007. We show that variations in the oxygen isotopes of the speleothem correlate to sea surface temperatures in the Kuroshio Extension region of the North Pacific, which affect the atmospheric trajectory and isotopic composition of moisture reaching the study site. Interpreting our speleothem data as a record of sea surface temperatures in the Kuroshio Extension, we find a strong 22-year periodicity, suggesting a persistent solar influence on North Pacific decadal variability. A comparison with tree-ring records of precipitation during the past millennium shows that some droughts occurred during periods of warmth in the Kuroshio Extension, similar to the instrumental record. However, other droughts did not and instead must have been influenced by other factors. Finally, we find a significant increase in sea surface temperature variability over the past 150 years, which may reflect an influence of greenhouse gas concentrations on variability in the North Pacific.","author":{"name":"Staryl McCabe-Glynn, Kathleen R. Johnson, Courtenay Strong, Max Berkelhammer, Ashish Sinha, Hai Cheng and R. Lawrence Edwards"},"citation":"Staryl McCabe-Glynn, Kathleen R. Johnson, Courtenay Strong, Max Berkelhammer, Ashish Sinha, Hai Cheng and R. Lawrence Edwards. 2013. Variable North Pacific influence on drought in southwestern North America since AD 854. Nature Geoscience, 6, 617-621. doi: 10.1038/ngeo1862","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo1862","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1862"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":"617-621","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Variable North Pacific influence on drought in southwestern North America since AD 854","type":"publication","volume":"6"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["precipitation","Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"16111","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["36.57","-118.78"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-118.78","maxElevationMeters":"1640","minElevationMeters":"1640","northernmostLatitude":"36.57","southernmostLatitude":"36.57","westernmostLongitude":"-118.78"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>California","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"24738","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/california/crystal2013.txt","linkText":"crystal2013.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"interpolated to an annual timescale using Matlab interp1 function","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"CRC-3-2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":854,"earliestYearBP":1096,"earliestYearCE":854,"mostRecentYear":2007,"mostRecentYearBP":-57,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Crystal Cave Sequoia National Park"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Crystal Cave, California 1150 Year d18O Data and SST Reconstruction","studyNotes":"Speleothem oxygen isotope (d18O) record and Kuroshio Extension (KE) SST anomalies reconstructed from the isotope data. \nThe record spans 854 - 2007 AD and is based on a speleothem (CRC-3) collected from Crystal Cave, located in Sequoia National Park, California.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"12650"}