{"NOAAStudyId":"14988","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-09-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-14988.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":393,"earliestYearCE":1557,"entryId":"noaa-cave-14988","funding":[],"investigators":"Partin, J.W.; Quinn, T.M.; Shen, C.-C.; Emile-Geay, J.; Taylor, F.W.; Maupin, C.R.; Lin, K.; Jackson, C.S.; Banner, J.L.; Sinclair, D.J.; Huh, C.-A.","mostRecentYearBP":-53,"mostRecentYearCE":2003,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14988","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Pacific decadal variability (PDV) causes widespread, persistent fluctuations that affect climate, water resources, and fisheries throughout the Pacific basin, yet the magnitude, frequency, and causes of PDV remain poorly constrained. Here we present an absolutely dated, subannually resolved, 446 yr stable oxygen isotope (d18O) cave record of rainfall variability in Vanuatu (southern Pacific Ocean), a location that has a climate heavily influenced by the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). The d18O-based proxy rainfall record is dominated by changes in stalagmite d18O that are large (~1 permil), quasi-periodic (~50 yr period), and generally abrupt (within 5-10 yr). These isotopic changes imply abrupt rainfall changes of as much as ~1.8 m per wet season, changes that can be ~2.5x larger than the 1976 C.E. shift in rainfall amount associated with a PDV phase switch. The Vanuatu record also shares little commonality with previously documented changes in the Intertropical Convergence Zone during the Little Ice Age or solar forcing. We conclude that multidecadal SPCZ variability is likely of an endogenous nature. Large, spontaneous, and low-frequency changes in SPCZ rainfall during the past 500 yr have important implications for the relative magnitude of natural PDV possible in the coming century.","author":{"name":"Partin, J.W., T.M. Quinn, C-C Shen, J. Emile-Geay, F.W. Taylor, C.R. Maupin, K. Lin, C.S. Jackson, J.L. Banner, D.J. Sinclair and C.-A. Huh"},"citation":"Partin, J.W., T.M. Quinn, C-C Shen, J. Emile-Geay, F.W. Taylor, C.R. Maupin, K. Lin, C.S. Jackson, J.L. Banner, D.J. Sinclair and C.-A. Huh. 2013. Multidecadal rainfall variability in South Pacific Convergence Zone as revealed by stalagmite geochemistry. Geology, 41(11). doi: 10.1130/G34718.1","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G34718.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G34718.1"},"issue":"11","journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Multidecadal rainfall variability in South Pacific Convergence Zone as revealed by stalagmite geochemistry","type":"publication","volume":"41"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["hydrology","Pacific Decadal Oscillation"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55349","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-15.5333","167.0167"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"167.0167","maxElevationMeters":"230","minElevationMeters":"230","northernmostLatitude":"-15.5333","southernmostLatitude":"-15.5333","westernmostLongitude":"167.0167"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean>Melanesia>Vanuatu","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25015","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/taurius2013.txt","linkText":"taurius2013.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Taurius2013d18O","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1557,"earliestYearBP":393,"earliestYearCE":1557,"mostRecentYear":2003,"mostRecentYearBP":-53,"mostRecentYearCE":2003,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Taurius Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu 446 Year Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data","studyNotes":"Data include a table of U-Th ages and the d18O record from Taurius Cave on the island \nof Espiritu Santo (15º32’S, 167º01’E) in Vanuatu that spans ~450 years. The age model for the record \nis comprised of 31 U/Th Dates, and the top age is assumed to be circa 2005 (year of collection). \nThe average temporal resolution for each d18O measurement is ~3 months/sample. The age model for the sample \nis based on a MATLAB program that fits piecewise quadratic splines to the U-Th dates. A Monte-Carlo approach \nis used to constructs alternative age models by allowing each U-Th date to vary according to a normal distribution \nwith mean age (its best estimate) and standard deviation Sigma (its analytical uncertainty) over a 2sigma range. \nThe spread in the alternate age models is a measure of the age uncertainty of each d18O measurement and is listed \nin the table with the d18O data for each measurement. The d18O data are reported with respect to PDB, \nand ages are reported as Year Common Era (Year C.E.). Depths without a d18O measurement are identified by NaN.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13166"}