{"NOAAStudyId":"15894","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-11-27","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-15894.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1202,"earliestYearCE":748,"entryId":"noaa-cave-15894","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":"IM44/1"}],"investigators":"Wassenburg, J.A.; Immenhauser, A.; Richter, D.K.; Niedermayr, A.; Riechelmann, S.; Fietzke, J.; Scholz, D.; Jochum, K.P.; Fohlmeister, J.; Schröder-Ritzrau, A.; Sabaoui, A.; Riechelmann, D.F.C.; Schneider, L.; Esper, J.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15894","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Jan Esper, David Frank, Ulf Büntgen, Anne Verstege, Jürg Luterbacher, and Elena Xoplaki"},"citation":"Jan Esper, David Frank, Ulf Büntgen, Anne Verstege, Jürg Luterbacher, and Elena Xoplaki. 2007. Long-term drought severity variations in Morocco. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(L17702). doi: 10.1029/2007GL030844","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2007GL030844","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030844"},"issue":"L17702","journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2007,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Long-term drought severity variations in Morocco","type":"publication","volume":"34"},{"abstract":"We present a magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) record from an aragonitic speleothem(Grotte de Piste, Morocco, 34‬ºN; 04ºW) providing a reconstruction of effective rainfall from 619-1962 AD. The corresponding drip site was monitored over two years for drip water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios. Results show evidence for prior aragonite precipitation, which can explain negative correlations between speleothem Mg and Sr concentrations. The data shown here have important climate implications concerning the evolution of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). A comparison of the stalagmite data from Grotte de Piste with an updated tree ring based drought reconstruction from Morocco and other NAO related proxy records confirms that the medieval warm period (MWP) was dominated by NAO+ conditions. The stalagmite record and multiple proxy records from the Iberian Peninsula, however, suggest that considerable rainfall variability occurred during the MWP. This implies that the NAO has been more variable during the MWP than formerly suggested.","author":{"name":"J.A. Wassenburg, A. Immenhauser,D. K. Richter, A. Niedermayr, S. Riechelmann, J. Fietzke, D. Scholz, K. P. Jochum, J. Fohlmeister, A. Schröder-Ritzrau, A.Sabaoui,D.F.C. Riechelmann,L.Schneider,J.Esper"},"citation":"J.A. Wassenburg, A. Immenhauser,D. K. Richter, A. Niedermayr, S. Riechelmann, J. Fietzke, D. Scholz, K. P. Jochum, J. Fohlmeister, A. Schröder-Ritzrau, A.Sabaoui,D.F.C. Riechelmann,L.Schneider,J.Esper. 2013. Moroccan speleothem and treering records suggest a variable positive state of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the Medieval Warm Period. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 375, 291-302. ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"N/A","type":"online resource","url":"http://www.blogs.uni-mainz.de/fb09climatology/files/2012/03/Wassenburg_2013_EPSL.pdf"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":"291-302","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Moroccan speleothem and treering records suggest a variable positive state of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the Medieval Warm Period","type":"publication","volume":"375"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA)","North Atlantic Oscillation","precipitation","drought","Palmer Drought Index Reconstruction","hydrology"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"54512","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.4","-5.1667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-5.1667","maxElevationMeters":"1830","minElevationMeters":"1830","northernmostLatitude":"33.4","southernmostLatitude":"33.4","westernmostLongitude":"-5.1667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Northern Africa>Morocco","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"26486","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>other"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt","linkText":"Reconstructed self-calibrating PDSI","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"}]}],"dataTableName":"AtlasMtnsPDSIsc","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1043,"earliestYearBP":907,"earliestYearCE":1043,"mostRecentYear":2008,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Atlas Mountains IS"},{"NOAASiteId":"55788","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.84","-4.09"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-4.09","maxElevationMeters":"1260","minElevationMeters":"1260","northernmostLatitude":"33.84","southernmostLatitude":"33.84","westernmostLongitude":"-4.09"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Northern Africa>Morocco","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25920","coreLengthMeters":78,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013-mg-sr.txt","linkText":"wassenburg2013-mg-sr.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>aragonite","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>magnesium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>aragonite","cvMethod":"laser ablation","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>magnesium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>aragonite","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>strontium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>aragonite","cvMethod":"laser ablation","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>strontium"}]}],"dataTableName":"GP5","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":748,"earliestYearBP":1202,"earliestYearCE":748,"mostRecentYear":1962,"mostRecentYearBP":-12,"mostRecentYearCE":1962,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Grotte de Piste"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Moroccan speleothem and treering records suggest a variable positive state of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the Medieval Warm Period","studyNotes":"Keywords: trace metals, drought, hydrology, precipitation, North Atlantic Oscillation, Medieval Climate Anomaly, speleothem, prior calcite precipitation, aragonite, trace elements.   \n\nscPDSI reconstruction added 5/2/2014","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13697"}