{"NOAAStudyId":"17775","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-01-21","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-17775.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":38,"earliestYearCE":1912,"entryId":"noaa-cave-17775","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","fundingGrant":"XDA05080502, KZZD-EW-04-01"},{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation of China ","fundingGrant":"41001061"},{"fundingAgency":"National Basic Research Program of China","fundingGrant":"2013CB955902, 2010CB833405"}],"investigators":"Tan, L.; Yi, L.; Cai, Y.; Shen, C.-C.; Cheng, H.; An, Z.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17775","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We used the annual growth rate of a stalagmite (XL21) collected from Xianglong Cave, central China, to quantitatively reconstruct regional terrestrial temperature changes over the last 95 years (1912-2006 AD). Based on a significant positive correlation between the growth rate and the observed temperature, a transfer function was designed, and the temperature from the previous September to May (P9-5) was reconstructed, with an explained variance of 43.5%. Our results show an increasing trend in temperature during the last century, and especially over the last 30 years. The temperature variability from central China recorded here bears a striking similarity to that in the Northern Hemisphere, and also to global trends. However, the cooling between the 1980s and the early 1990s seen in the stalagmite record, which interrupted the warming trend that began in the 1960s, is not observed in the mean conditions found in China, the Northern Hemisphere, neither globally. This methodology for reconstructing historical temperature from stalagmite growth rates overcomes the limitation of the short meteorological observation period and supports the potential of stalagmite lamina climatology.","author":{"name":"Liangcheng Tan, Liang Yi, Yanjun Cai, Chuan-Chou Shen, Hai Cheng, Zhisheng An"},"citation":"Liangcheng Tan, Liang Yi, Yanjun Cai, Chuan-Chou Shen, Hai Cheng, Zhisheng An. 2013. Quantitative temperature reconstruction based on growth rate of annually-layered stalagmite: a case study from central China. Quaternary Science Reviews, 72, 137-145. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.04.022","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.04.022","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.04.022"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":"137-145","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Quantitative temperature reconstruction based on growth rate of annually-layered stalagmite: a case study from central China","type":"publication","volume":"72"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56463","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["32.9975","106.3281"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"106.3281","maxElevationMeters":"940","minElevationMeters":"940","northernmostLatitude":"32.9975","southernmostLatitude":"32.9975","westernmostLongitude":"106.3281"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"28094","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>lithology"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/xianglong2013.txt","linkText":"Xianglong Cave Stalagmite Growth Rate and Temperature Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration data set: local meteorological station","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"multiple linear regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"multiple linear regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"multiple linear regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>growth rate","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Sep-May","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"annual cycles in d18O used to calculate annual growth rates","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>growth rate"}]}],"dataTableName":"Xianglong2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1912,"earliestYearBP":38,"earliestYearCE":1912,"mostRecentYear":2008,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Xianglong Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Xianglong Cave 97 Year Stalagmite Growth Rate and Temperature Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Annual stalagmite growth rate data and temperature reconstructions for the past 97 years from Xianglong Cave, central China.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15437"}