{"NOAAStudyId":"19744","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-01-20","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-19744.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":137387,"earliestYearCE":-135437,"entryId":"noaa-cave-19744","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"CRSI22-132646/1"}],"investigators":"Häuselmann, A.D.; Fleitmann, D.; Cheng, H.; Tabersky, D.; Günther, D.; Edwards, R.L.","mostRecentYearBP":130050,"mostRecentYearCE":-128100,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19744","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The timing and nature of the penultimate deglaciation, also known as Termination II (T-II), is subject of controversial discussions due to the scarcity of precisely-dated palaeoclimate records. Here we present a new precisely-dated and highly-resolved multi-proxy stalagmite record covering T-II from the high alpine Schafsloch Cave in Switzerland, an area where climate is governed by the North Atlantic. The inception of stalagmite growth at 137.4 +/- 1.4 kyr before present (BP) indicates the presence of drip water and cave air temperatures of above 0C, and is related to a climate-induced change in the thermal state (from cold-to warm-based) of the glacier above the cave. The cessation of stalagmite growth between 133.1 +/- 0.7 and 131.9 +/- 0.6 kyr BP is most likely related to distinct drop in temperature associated with Heinrich stadial 11. The resumption of stalagmite growth at 131.9 +/- 0.6 kyr BP is accompanied by an abrupt increase in temperature and precipitation as indicated by distinct shifts in the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition as well as in trace element concentrations. The mid-point of T-II is around 131.8 +/- 0.6 kyr BP in the Schafsloch Cave record is significantly earlier compared to the age of 129.1 +/- 0.1 kyr BP in the Sanbao Cave record from China. The different ages between both records can be best explained by the competing effects of insolation and glacial boundary forcing on seasonality and snow cover extent in Eurasia.","author":{"name":"Anamaria Diana Häuselmann, Dominik Fleitmann, Hai Cheng, Daniel Tabersky, Detlef Günther, R. Lawrance Edwards"},"citation":"Anamaria Diana Häuselmann, Dominik Fleitmann, Hai Cheng, Daniel Tabersky, Detlef Günther, R. Lawrance Edwards. 2015. Timing and nature of the penultimate deglaciation in a high alpine stalagmite from Switzerland. Quaternary Science Reviews, 126, 264-275. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.026","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.026","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.026"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":"264-275","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Timing and nature of the penultimate deglaciation in a high alpine stalagmite from Switzerland","type":"publication","volume":"126"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56715","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["47.2333","9.3833"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"9.3833","maxElevationMeters":"1890","minElevationMeters":"1890","northernmostLatitude":"47.2333","southernmostLatitude":"47.2333","westernmostLongitude":"9.3833"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Switzerland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"30368","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/switzerland/schafsloch2015iso.txt","linkText":"Schafsloch Cave Stable Isotope Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Schafsloch2015iso","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":137387,"earliestYearBP":137387,"earliestYearCE":-135437,"mostRecentYear":130050,"mostRecentYearBP":130050,"mostRecentYearCE":-128100,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"30369","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/switzerland/schafsloch2015elem.txt","linkText":"Schafsloch Cave Trace Element Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Schafsloch2015elem","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":134970,"earliestYearBP":134970,"earliestYearCE":-133020,"mostRecentYear":131466,"mostRecentYearBP":131466,"mostRecentYearCE":-129516,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Schafsloch Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Schafsloch Cave, Switzerland Penultimate Deglaciation Stalagmite Data","studyNotes":"Stable isotope (d18O and d13C) and trace element data from a stalagmite collected in Schafsloch Cave, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland for the penultimate deglaciation (~131KYrBP-135KYrBP).","version":"1.0","xmlId":"17515"}