{"NOAAStudyId":"20266","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-07-18","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-20266.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":11416,"earliestYearCE":-9466,"entryId":"noaa-cave-20266","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":"DFG IM 44/1, DFG WA3532/1-1"}],"investigators":"Wassenburg, J.A.; Dietrich, D.; Fietzke, J.; Fohlmeister, J.; Jochum, K.P.; Scholz, D.; Richter, D.K.; Sabaoui, A.; Spötl, C.; Lohmann, G.; Andreae, M.O.; Immenhauser, A.","mostRecentYearBP":-62,"mostRecentYearCE":2012,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20266","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The North Atlantic Oscillation is the dominant atmospheric pressure mode in the North Atlantic region and affects winter temperature and precipitation in the Mediterranean, northwest Europe, Greenland, and Asia. The index that describes the sea-level pressure difference between Iceland and the Azores is correlated with a dipole precipitation pattern over northwest Europe and northwest Africa. How the North Atlantic Oscillation will develop as the Greenland ice sheet melts is unclear. A potential past analogue is the early Holocene, during which melting ice sheets around the North Atlantic freshened surface waters, affecting the strength of the meridional overturning circulation. Here we present a Holocene rainfall record from northwest Africa based on speleothem d18O and compare it against a speleothem-based rainfall record from Europe. The two records are positively correlated during the early Holocene, followed by a shift to an anti-correlation, similar to the modern record, during the mid-Holocene. On the basis of our simulations with an Earth system model, we suggest the shift to the anti-correlation reflects a large-scale atmospheric and oceanic reorganization in response to the demise of the Laurentide ice sheet and a strong reduction of meltwater flux to the North Atlantic, pointing to a potential sensitivity of the North Atlantic Oscillation to the melting of ice sheets.","author":{"name":"Jasper A. Wassenburg, Stephan Dietrich, Jan Fietzke, Jens Fohlmeister, Klaus Peter Jochum, Denis Scholz, Detlev K. Richter, Abdellah Sabaoui, Christoph Spotl, Gerrit Lohmann, Meinrat O. Andreae, Adrian Immenhauser"},"citation":"Jasper A. Wassenburg, Stephan Dietrich, Jan Fietzke, Jens Fohlmeister, Klaus Peter Jochum, Denis Scholz, Detlev K. Richter, Abdellah Sabaoui, Christoph Spotl, Gerrit Lohmann, Meinrat O. Andreae, Adrian Immenhauser. 2016. Reorganization of the North Atlantic Oscillation during Early Holocene deglaciation. Nature Geoscience. . doi: 10.1038/ngeo2767","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo2767","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2767"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Reorganization of the North Atlantic Oscillation during Early Holocene deglaciation","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["North Atlantic Oscillation"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55788","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.84","-4.09"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-4.09","maxElevationMeters":"1260","minElevationMeters":"1260","northernmostLatitude":"33.84","southernmostLatitude":"33.84","westernmostLongitude":"-4.09"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Northern Africa>Morocco","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"30912","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon 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