{"NOAAStudyId":"20450","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-08-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-20450.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":641300,"earliestYearCE":-639350,"entryId":"noaa-cave-20450","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"National Basic Research Program of China","fundingGrant":"2013CB955902"},{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation of China ","fundingGrant":"41230524, 4157020432, 41561144003"},{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"0502535, 1103404, 0823554, 1003690, 1137693, 1317693"}],"investigators":"Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Sinha, A.; Spötl, C.; Yi, L.; Chen, S.; Kelly, M.J.; Kathayat, G.; Wang, X.; Li, X.; Kong, X.; Wang, Y.; Ning, Y.F.; Zhang, H.","mostRecentYearBP":-17,"mostRecentYearCE":1967,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20450","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Oxygen isotope records from Chinese caves characterize changes in both the Asian monsoon and global climate. Here, using our new speleothem data, we extend the Chinese record to cover the full uranium/thorium dating range, that is, the past 640,000 years. The record's length and temporal precision allow us to test the idea that insolation changes caused by the Earth's precession drove the terminations of each of the last seven ice ages as well as the millennia-long intervals of reduced monsoon rainfall associated with each of the terminations. On the basis of our record's timing, the terminations are separated by four or five precession cycles, supporting the idea that the '100,000-year' ice age cycle is an average of discrete numbers of precession cycles. Furthermore, the suborbital component of monsoon rainfall variability exhibits power in both the precession and obliquity bands, and is nearly in anti-phase with summer boreal insolation. These observations indicate that insolation, in part, sets the pace of the occurrence of millennial-scale events, including those associated with terminations and 'unfinished terminations'.","author":{"name":"Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Ashish Sinha, Christoph Spötl, Liang Yi, Shitao Chen, Megan Kelly, Gayatri Kathayat, Xianfeng Wang, Xianglei Li, Xinggong Kong, Yongjin Wang, Youfeng Ning, Haiwei Zhang"},"citation":"Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Ashish Sinha, Christoph Spötl, Liang Yi, Shitao Chen, Megan Kelly, Gayatri Kathayat, Xianfeng Wang, Xianglei Li, Xinggong Kong, Yongjin Wang, Youfeng Ning, Haiwei Zhang. 2016. The Asian monsoon over the past 640,000 years and ice age terminations. Nature, 534(7609), 640-646. doi: 10.1038/nature18591","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/nature18591","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature18591"},"issue":"7609","journal":"Nature","pages":"640-646","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The Asian monsoon over the past 640,000 years and ice age terminations","type":"publication","volume":"534"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Monsoon"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"6553","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["32.5","119.16"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"119.16","maxElevationMeters":"1900","minElevationMeters":"680","northernmostLatitude":"32.5","southernmostLatitude":"32.5","westernmostLongitude":"119.16"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"31153","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/cheng2016detrend.txt","linkText":"Detrended Composite d18O Data from 4 SE China Caves","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"detrended","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Cheng2016detrend","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":641200,"earliestYearBP":641200,"earliestYearCE":-639250,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Hulu Cave"},{"NOAASiteId":"6554","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["25.28","108.08"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"108.08","maxElevationMeters":"680","minElevationMeters":"680","northernmostLatitude":"25.28","southernmostLatitude":"25.28","westernmostLongitude":"108.08"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"31152","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/cheng2016composite.txt","linkText":"Composite d18O Data from 4 SE China Caves","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age 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Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"31151","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/asia/china/cheng2016d18o.txt","linkText":"New d18O Data from Sanbao and Dongge Caves","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"stalagmite ID","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Cheng2016d18O","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":641264,"earliestYearBP":641264,"earliestYearCE":-639314,"mostRecentYear":217201,"mostRecentYearBP":217201,"mostRecentYearCE":-215251,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Sanbao Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"China 640,000 Year Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data","studyNotes":"New and previously published stalagmite oxygen isotope (d18O) data from 4 Chinese caves, covering the past 640,000 years","version":"1.0","xmlId":"18255"}