{"NOAAStudyId":"9643","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-06-07","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-9643.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":55845,"earliestYearCE":-53895,"entryId":"noaa-cave-9643","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM-0703353 and EAR-0326902"}],"investigators":"Asmerom, Y.; Polyak, V.J.; Burns, S.J.","mostRecentYearBP":11309,"mostRecentYearCE":-9359,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9643","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"During the last glacial period, the climate of the Northern Hemisphere was characterized by rapid, large-amplitude temperature fluctuations through cycles lasting a few thousand years. These fluctuations are apparent in Greenland temperature reconstructions, and corresponding temperature and hydrological variations have been documented throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Here we present a record of precipitation in the southwestern United States from 56,000 to 11,000 yr ago, on the basis of d18O measurements of speleothem calcite from New Mexico. Our record shows that increased winter precipitation in the southwestern United States is associated with Northern Hemisphere cooling, which we attribute to a southward shift in the polar jet stream, which modulated the position of the winter storm track over North America. On the western side of the Pacific Ocean basin, decreases in summer monsoon precipitation are associated with Northern Hemisphere cooling, due to southward displacement of the \r\nintertropical convergence zone. We conclude that cooling and warming excursions in the Northern Hemisphere lead to concurrent latitudinal displacement of both the intertropical convergence zone and the polar jet stream over the Pacific Ocean. Our data are consistent with modern evidence for a northward shift of the polar jet stream in response to global warming, which could lead to increasingly arid conditions in southwestern North America in the future.\r\n","author":{"name":"Asmerom, Y., V.J. Polyak, and S.J. Burns"},"citation":"Asmerom, Y., V.J. Polyak, and S.J. Burns. 2010. Variable winter moisture in the southwestern United States linked to  rapid glacial climate shifts. Nature Geoscience, 3, 114-117. doi: 10.1038/ngeo754","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo754","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo754"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":"114-117","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Variable winter moisture in the southwestern United States linked to  rapid glacial climate shifts","type":"publication","volume":"3"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Last Interglacial"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31415","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.3","-105.3"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-105.3","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"33.3","southernmostLatitude":"33.3","westernmostLongitude":"-105.3"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>New Mexico","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"18610","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/newmexico/fort-stanton2010.txt","linkText":"fort-stanton2010.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"present defined as 2008 CE","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/newmexico/fort-stanton2010.xls","linkText":"fort-stanton2010.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Fort Stanton","dataTableNotes":"Age (years before present = 2008 AD)","earliestYear":55845,"earliestYearBP":55845,"earliestYearCE":-53895,"mostRecentYear":11309,"mostRecentYearBP":11309,"mostRecentYearCE":-9359,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Fort Stanton"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Asmerom Y.,et al. 2010. Fort Stanton Cave, New Mexico 55-11kY Speleothem d18O Data.","studyNotes":"","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8630"}