{"NOAAStudyId":"9738","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-10-08","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-9738.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":53335,"earliestYearCE":-51385,"entryId":"noaa-cave-9738","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"03-18480"},{"fundingAgency":"Geological Society of America","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"University of Arizona","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Wagner, J.D.M.; Cole, J.E.; Beck, J.W.; Patchett, P.J.; Henderson, G.M.; Barnett, H.R.","mostRecentYearBP":11484,"mostRecentYearCE":-9534,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9738","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Many regions of the world experienced abrupt climate variability \nduring the last glacial period (75-15 thousand years ago). These \nchanges probably arose from interactions between Northern Hemisphere \nice sheets and circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, but the \nrapid and widespread propagation of these changes requires a \nlarge-scale atmospheric response whose details remain unclear. \nHere we use an oxygen isotope record from a speleothem collected \nfrom the Cave of the Bells, Arizona, USA, to reconstruct aridity \nin the southwestern United States during the last glacial period \nand deglaciation. We find that, during this period, aridity in the \nsouthwestern United States and climate in the North Atlantic region \nshow similar patterns of variability. Periods of warmth in the North \nAtlantic Ocean, such as interstadials and the Bølling-Allerød warming, \ncorrespond to drier conditions in the southwestern United States. \nConversely, cooler temperatures in the high latitudes are associated \nwith increased regional moisture. We propose that interstadial \nwarming of the North Atlantic Ocean diverted the westerly storm \ntrack northward, perhaps through weakening of the Aleutian Low, \nand thereby reduced moisture delivery to southwestern North America. \nA similar response to future warming would exacerbate aridity \nin this already very dry region. \n","author":null,"citation":"Wagner, J.D.M., J.E. Cole, J.W. Beck, P.J. Patchett, G.M. Henderson, \nand H.R. Barnett. 2010. \nMoisture variability in the southwestern United States linked to \nabrupt glacial climate change. \nNature Geoscience, Vol. 3, pp. 110-113, February 2010. \nDOI: 10.1038/NGEO707 \n\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/NGEO707","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO707"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Moisture variability in the southwestern United States linked to  abrupt glacial climate change","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["abrupt climate change","hydrology","drought"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31403","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["31.75","-110.75"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-110.75","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"31.75","southernmostLatitude":"31.75","westernmostLongitude":"-110.75"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Arizona","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"18637","coreLengthMeters":0,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/arizona/bells2010.txt","linkText":"bells2010.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"corrected for ice volume","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/arizona/bells2010.xls","linkText":"bells2010.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/syntrace/speleothem/cave-bells-cob-01-02.txt","linkText":"cave-bells-cob-01-02.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"COB-01-02","dataTableNotes":"Stalagmite COB-01-02 was recovered in July 2001, \r\nand sampled for stable isotope analysis at 100 um increments. \r\n62 U-Th dates provide age control.","earliestYear":53335,"earliestYearBP":53335,"earliestYearCE":-51385,"mostRecentYear":11484,"mostRecentYearBP":11484,"mostRecentYearCE":-9534,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Cave of the Bells"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Cave of the Bells, Arizona 53-11 KYrBP Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data","studyNotes":"High-resolution stalagmite oxygen isotope data from Cave of the Bells, \nArizona, USA.  Stalagmite COB-01-02 was recovered in July 2001, \nand sampled for stable isotope analysis at 100 um increments. \n62 U-Th dates provide age control.  Average time step of the d18O data \nis ~35 years, allowing for interpretation of abrupt climate variability \nin the Southwestern USA. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8688"}