{"NOAAStudyId":"9745","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-10-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-9745.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":3792,"earliestYearCE":-1842,"entryId":"noaa-cave-9745","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"the Swedish Society for Anthropology  and Geography.","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Swedish Research Council VR","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Sundqvist, H.; Holmgren, K.; Moberg, A.; Spötl, C.; Mangini, A.","mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9745","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"This study of a 4000-year-old stalagmite from Korallgrottan \nin northwestern Sweden highlights the potentials and challenges \nwhen using stable isotopes in stalagmites as climate proxies, \nas well as the fact that the relationship between climate and \nproxy may change through time. Both the oxygen and the carbon \nisotopes display an overall trend of enrichment together with \ndecreasing growth rates over the time period covered by the \nstalagmite, which is considered a generally cooling period \naccording to current palaeoclimate understanding. The stable \nisotope records show enriched isotopic values during the, \nfor Scandinavia, comparatively cold period AD 1300-1700 \nand depleted values during the warmer period AD 800-1000. \nThe indication of a negative relationship between measured \nd18O and surface temperature concurs with earlier reported \nstalagmite records from regions with a seasonal snow cover \nand is further supported by the fact that the stalagmite \nd18O record shows general similarities with both regional \nand hemispheric temperature reconstructions available for \nthe past 500 and 2000 years, respectively. Compared with \na stable isotope record of lacustrine carbonates from \nnorthern Sweden, however, shifting correlations over time \nbetween the two records indicate that a local hydrological \nchange may have taken place at Korallgrottan, or at the lake, \ncompared with around 1000 years ago. The earlier part of the \nstalagmite d18O might thus be influenced, to some extent, \nby another process than the later part, which means that \na negative relationship between d18O and surface temperature \nmight not hold for the entire 4000-year-old record. \n","author":null,"citation":"Sundqvist, H.S., K. Holmgren, A. Moberg, C. Spötl, and A. Mangini. 2010. \nStable isotopes in a stalagmite from NW Sweden document environmental \nchanges over the past 4000 years. \nBoreas, Vol. 39, pp. 77-86, January 2010. \nDOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2009.00099.x \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1111/j.1502-3885.2009.00099.x ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2009.00099.x "},"issue":null,"journal":"Boreas","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Sundqvist, H.S., K. Holmgren, A. Moberg, C. Spötl, and A. Mangini. 2010.  Stable isotopes in a stalagmite from NW Sweden document environmental  changes over the past 4000 years. ","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["decadal resolution"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31445","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["64.89","14.16"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"14.16","maxElevationMeters":"570","minElevationMeters":"570","northernmostLatitude":"64.89","southernmostLatitude":"64.89","westernmostLongitude":"14.16"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Sweden","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"18656","coreLengthMeters":0,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/sweden/korallgrottan2010.txt","linkText":"korallgrottan2010.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/sweden/korallgrottan2010.xls","linkText":"korallgrottan2010.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"K11","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":-1842,"earliestYearBP":3792,"earliestYearCE":-1842,"mostRecentYear":2005,"mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Korallgrottan Stalagmite"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Korallgrottan, Sweden 4000 Year Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data ","studyNotes":"Stable oxygen and carbon isotope data from Korallgrottan,  northwestern Sweden. Korallgrottan is located in the Caledonian mountain range about 100 km off the North Atlantic coast in the county of Jämtland. Stalagmite K11 is 47mm long,  with a basal diameter of about 50 mm.\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8703"}