{"NOAAStudyId":"15977","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-01-27","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-15977.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":-49,"earliestYearCE":1999,"entryId":"noaa-coral-15977","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"French National Institute of Universe Sciences (INSU)","fundingGrant":"EC2CO Program - HOLBECO"}],"investigators":"Duprey, N.; Lazareth, C.E.; Corrège, T.; Le Cornec, F.; Maes, C.; Pujol, N.; Madeng-Yogo, M.; Caquineau, S.; Soares Derome, C.; Cabioch, G.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15977","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We present early mid-Holocene records of Sr/Ca, d18O and d18Osw from marine archives collected in Vanuatu: two Porites sp. corals (6.7-6.5 ka BP) and a Tridacna maxima giant clam (6.2-6.0 ka BP). Sr/Ca, d18O, and d18Osw were used as proxies for sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS). The fossil geochemical records were compared to modern Porites sp. and T. maxima records. Reconstructed mean SSTs from the two fossil Porites sp. and from the modern coral are similar, implying that the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP)' southern edge had reached its modern location by 6.7-6.5 ka BP. The post-glacial SST rise in the Southwest Pacific was thus completed by the early mid-Holocene. The two early mid-Holocene corals and the giant clam recorded saltier conditions than modern related to 1) a decoupling between the precipitation regime and the SPCZ due to a northerly position of this climatic feature and 2) an increase of the moisture transport to the extra-tropics, driven by a strengthened or extended Hadley cell. The longest d18O coral profile displays an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal reduced by 20-30% compared to the period 1928-1992, in concordance with the reduced ENSO variability observed in the Pacific area during the first half of the Holocene. However, the decoupling between the SPCZ and the precipitation regime may have also contributed to the weak ENSO signal recorded in the early mid-Holocene coral d18O profile.","author":{"name":"Duprey, N., C.E. Lazareth, T. Corrège, F. Le Cornec, C. Maes, N. Pujol, M. Madeng-Yogo, S. Caquineau, C. Soares Derome, and G. Cabioch"},"citation":"Duprey, N., C.E. Lazareth, T. Corrège, F. Le Cornec, C. Maes, N. Pujol, M. Madeng-Yogo, S. Caquineau, C. Soares Derome, and G. Cabioch. 2012. Early mid-Holocene SST variability and surface-ocean water balance in the southwest Pacific. Paleoceanography, 27, PA4207. doi: 10.1029/2012PA002350","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2012PA002350","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002350"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":"PA4207","title":"Early mid-Holocene SST variability and surface-ocean water balance in the southwest Pacific","type":"publication","volume":"27"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["ENSO"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55795","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-22.28","166.98"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"166.98","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-22.28","southernmostLatitude":"-22.28","westernmostLongitude":"166.98"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean>Melanesia>New Caledonia","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25963","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/duprey2012/duprey2012-t0208.txt","linkText":"T-02-08 Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"distance from edge of shell","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tridacna maxima","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>bivalve","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"T-02-08 D12","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":null,"earliestYearBP":null,"earliestYearCE":null,"mostRecentYear":null,"mostRecentYearBP":null,"mostRecentYearCE":null,"species":[],"timeUnit":null}],"siteName":"Fausse Passe de Uitoé reef"},{"NOAASiteId":"55796","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-15.35","167.18"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"167.18","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-15.35","southernmostLatitude":"-15.35","westernmostLongitude":"167.18"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean>Melanesia>Vanuatu","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25960","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>chemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/duprey2012/duprey2012-psp0609.txt","linkText":"Psp-06-09 Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE 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SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>uranium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>barium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>boron/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Psp-06-09 D12","dataTableNotes":"25 year record from 6.7-6.5 ka BP used to study seasonal variations in the mid-Holocene. The δ18Osw values were calculated from the coral Sr/Ca and the δ18O records using the equation established by Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt [2001]: δ18Oaragonite − δ18Osw = 0.45 − 0.20*SST (Sr/Ca was converted into SST using the mean equation for Porites sp. [Corrège, 2006]).","earliestYear":null,"earliestYearBP":null,"earliestYearCE":null,"mostRecentYear":null,"mostRecentYearBP":null,"mostRecentYearCE":null,"species":[],"timeUnit":null},{"NOAADataTableId":"25961","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/duprey2012/duprey2012-psp0709.txt","linkText":"Psp-07-09 Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>uranium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>barium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>boron/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"Psp-07-09 D12","dataTableNotes":"Notes: 19 year record from 6.7-6.5 ka BP used to study seasonal variations in the mid-Holocene. The δ18Osw values were calculated from the coral Sr/Ca and the δ18O records using the equation established by Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt [2001]: δ18Oaragonite − δ18Osw = 0.45 − 0.20*SST (Sr/Ca was converted into SST using the mean equation for Porites sp. [Corrège, 2006]).","earliestYear":null,"earliestYearBP":null,"earliestYearCE":null,"mostRecentYear":null,"mostRecentYearBP":null,"mostRecentYearCE":null,"species":[],"timeUnit":null},{"NOAADataTableId":"25962","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/duprey2012/duprey2012-t1009.txt","linkText":"T-10-09 Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"distance from edge of shell","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tridacna maxima","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>bivalve","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"T-10-09 D12","dataTableNotes":"Core dated 6.2-6.0 cal yr BP (2σ range). T-10-09 measured 25.5 cm along the antero-posterior axis and 16.5 cm along the dorso-ventral axis.","earliestYear":null,"earliestYearBP":null,"earliestYearCE":null,"mostRecentYear":null,"mostRecentYearBP":null,"mostRecentYearCE":null,"species":[],"timeUnit":null}],"siteName":"Southeast Espiritu Santo Island"},{"NOAASiteId":"55797","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-16.75","168.1"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"168.1","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-16.75","southernmostLatitude":"-16.75","westernmostLongitude":"168.1"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>South Pacific Ocean>Melanesia>Vanuatu","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25964","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/duprey2012/duprey2012-va-epi.txt","linkText":"VA-EPI Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration equation: Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt (2001)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"monthly","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"VA-EPI D12","dataTableNotes":"The δ18Osw values were calculated from the coral Sr/Ca and the δ18O records using the equation established by Juillet-Leclerc and Schmidt [2001]: δ18Oaragonite − δ18Osw = 0.45 − 0.20*SST (Sr/Ca was converted into SST using the mean equation for Porites sp. [Corrège, 2006]).","earliestYear":1999,"earliestYearBP":-49,"earliestYearCE":1999,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Epi Island"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Early mid-Holocene SST variability and surface-ocean water balance in the southwest Pacific","studyNotes":"This study contains the data from the giant clam samples: T-10-09 and T-02-08 and the Porites samples: VA-EPI; Psp0609; and Psp0709. The analytical precision (1σ) on oxygen isotopic determinations, based on 10 runs of the reference material NBS-19, was 0.08‰ vpdb.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13758"}