{"NOAAStudyId":"1845","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"1993-06-18","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-1845.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":56,"earliestYearCE":1894,"entryId":"noaa-coral-1845","funding":[],"investigators":"Cole, J.E.; Fairbanks, R.G.; Shen, G.T.","mostRecentYearBP":-40,"mostRecentYearCE":1990,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1845","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"In the western tropical Pacific, the interannual migration of \r\nthe Indonesian Low convective system causes changes in rainfall \r\nthat dominate the regional signature of the El Niño-Southern \r\nOscillation (ENSO) system. A 96-year oxygen isotope record from \r\na Tarawa Atoll coral (1°N, 172°E) reflects regional convective \r\nactivity through rainfall-induced salinity changes. This monthly \r\nresolution record spans twice the length of the local climatological \r\nrecord and provides a history of ENSO variability comparable \r\nin quality with those derived from instrumental climate data. \r\nComparison of this coral record with a historical chronology \r\nof EI Niño events indicates that climate anomalies in coastal \r\nSouth America are occasionally decoupled from Pacific-wide ENSO \r\nextremes. Spectral analysis suggests that the distribution of \r\nvariance in this record has shifted among annual to interannual \r\nperiods during the present century, concurrent with observed \r\nchanges in the strength of the Southern Oscillation. ","author":{"name":"Cole, J.E., R.G. Fairbanks, and G.T. Shen"},"citation":"Cole, J.E., R.G. Fairbanks, and G.T. Shen. 1993. \r\nThe Spectrum of Recent Variability in the Southern Oscillation: \r\nResults from a Tarawa Atoll Coral. \r\nScience, Vol. 260, no. 5115, pp. 1790-1793, 18 June 1993. \r\nDOI:10.1126/science.260.5115.1790 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1126/science.260.5115.1790 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.260.5115.1790 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Science","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":1993,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The Spectrum of Recent Variability in the Southern Oscillation:  Results from a Tarawa Atoll Coral.","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Shen, G.T.; Linn, L.J.; Campbell, T.M.; Cole, J.E"},"citation":"Shen, G.T.; Linn, L.J.; Campbell, T.M.; Cole, J.E. 1992. A chemical indicator of trade wind reversal in corals from the western tropical Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 97. doi: 10.1029/92JC00951","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/92JC00951","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92JC00951"},"issue":null,"journal":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","pages":null,"pubRank":"3","pubYear":1992,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A chemical indicator of trade wind reversal in corals from the western tropical Pacific","type":"publication","volume":"97"},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Cole, J.E.; Fairbanks, R.G"},"citation":"Cole, J.E.; Fairbanks, R.G. 1990. The Southern Oscillation recorded in the d18O of corals from Tarawa Atoll. 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