{"NOAAStudyId":"1874","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2003-03-31","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-1874.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":192,"earliestYearCE":1758,"entryId":"noaa-coral-1874","funding":[],"investigators":"McCulloch, M.T.; Fallon, S.R.; Wyndham, T.; Hendy, E.J.; Lough, J.M.; Barnes, D.J.","mostRecentYearBP":-48,"mostRecentYearCE":1998,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1874","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The effect of European settlement on water quality in the Great Barrier Reef of Australia is a long-standing and controversial issue. Erosion and sediment transport in river catchments in this region have increased substantially since European settlement, but the magnitude of these changes remains uncertain. Here we report analyses of Ba/Ca ratios in long-lived Porites coral from Havannah Reefŋa site on the inner Great Barrier Reef that is influenced by flood plumes from the Burdekin riverŋto establish a record of sediment fluxes from about 1750 to 1998. We find that, in the early part of the record, suspended sediment from river floods reached the inner reef area only occasionally, whereas after about 1870ŋfollowing the beginning of European settlementŋa five- to tenfold increase in the delivery of sediments is recorded with the highest fluxes occurring during the drought-breaking floods. We conclude that, since European settlement, land-use practices such as clearing and overstocking have led to major degradation of the semi-arid river catchments, resulting in substantially increased sediment loads entering the inner Great Barrier Reef.","author":null,"citation":"McCulloch, M., S.R. Fallon, T. Wyndham, E. Hendy, J. Lough, and D. Barnes. 2003. Coral record of increased sediment flux to the inner Great Barrier Reef since European settlement. Nature 421(6924):727-730.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Nature","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2003,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Coral record of increased sediment flux to the inner Great Barrier Reef since European settlement","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"McCulloch, M., S.R. Fallon, T. Wyndham, \r\nE. Hendy, J. Lough, and D. Barnes. 2003.\r\nCoral Record of increased sediment flux to the inner \r\nGreat Barrier Reef since European settlement. \r\nNature, Vol 421, No. 6924, 727-730, doi:10.1038/nature01361","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/nature01361","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01361"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2003,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Coral Record of increased sediment flux to the inner Great Barrier Reef since European settlement","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"1877","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-18.85","146.55"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"146.55","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-18.85","southernmostLatitude":"-18.85","westernmostLongitude":"146.55"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>Australia","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"1975","coreLengthMeters":0,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/great_barrier/mcculloch2003.txt","linkText":"mcculloch2003.txt","urlDescription":"Coral","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"mole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>barium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"in situ data logger","cvDataType":"INSTRUMENTAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>streamflow"}]}],"dataTableName":"Havannah Island Core 004","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1758,"earliestYearBP":192,"earliestYearCE":1758,"mostRecentYear":1998,"mostRecentYearBP":-48,"mostRecentYearCE":1998,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Havannah Island"},{"NOAASiteId":"1888","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-18.82","146.43"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"146.43","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-18.82","southernmostLatitude":"-18.82","westernmostLongitude":"146.43"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>Australia","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"1976","coreLengthMeters":0,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/great_barrier/mcculloch2003.txt","linkText":"mcculloch2003.txt","urlDescription":"Coral","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"mole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>barium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"in situ data logger","cvDataType":"INSTRUMENTAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>streamflow"}]}],"dataTableName":"Pandora Reef Core 004","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1965,"earliestYearBP":-15,"earliestYearCE":1965,"mostRecentYear":1998,"mostRecentYearBP":-48,"mostRecentYearCE":1998,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Pandora Reef"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Pandora Reef, Havannah Island - Ba/Ca Data ","studyNotes":"Ba/Ca ratios in long-lived Porites coral from \nHavannah Reef and Pandora Reef as a proxy for Burdekin river \nsediment fluxes to the inner Great Barrier Reef. \nWeekly and monthly Burdekin River flow data also reported.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"1122"}