{"NOAAStudyId":"19179","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-09-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-19179.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":36,"earliestYearCE":1914,"entryId":"noaa-coral-19179","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD)","fundingGrant":"A/02/21403"},{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":"Leibniz Award Du 129/33"}],"investigators":"Cahyarini, S.Y.; Pfeiffer, M.; Nurhati, I.S.; Aldrian, E.; Dullo, W.-C.; Hetzinger, S.","mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19179","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which represents the global ocean circulation connecting the Pacific Warm Pool to the Indian Ocean, strongly influences the Indo-Pacific climate. ITF monitoring since the late 1990s using mooring buoys have provided insights on seasonal and interannual time scales. However, the absence of longer records limits our perspective on its evolution over the past century. Here, we present sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) proxy records from Timor Island located at the ITF exit passage via paired coral d18O and Sr/Ca measurements spanning the period 1914–2004. These high resolution proxy based climate data of the last century highlights improvements and cautions when interpreting paleoclimate records of the Indonesian region. If the seasonality of SST and SSS is not perfectly in phase, the application of coral Sr/Ca thermometry improves SST reconstructions compared to estimates based on coral d18O only. Our records also underline the importance of ocean advection besides rainfall on local SSS in the region. Although the El Ni~no/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) causes larger anomalies relative to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Timor coral-based SST and SSS records robustly correlate with IOD on interannual time scales, whereas ENSO only modifies Timor SST. Similarly, Timor SST and SSS are strongly linked to Indian Ocean decadal-scale variations that appear to lead Timor oceanographic conditions by about 1.6–2 years. Our study sheds new light on the complex signatures of Indo-Pacific climate modes on SST and SSS dynamics of the ITF.","author":{"name":"Cahyarini, S.Y., M. Pfeiffer, I.S. Nurhati, E. Aldrian, W.-C. Dullo, and S. Hetzinger"},"citation":"Cahyarini, S.Y., M. Pfeiffer, I.S. Nurhati, E. Aldrian, W.-C. Dullo, and S. Hetzinger. 2014. Twentieth century sea surface temperature and salinity variations at Timor inferred from paired coral d18O and Sr/Ca measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119, 4593–4604. doi: 10.1002/2013JC009594","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/2013JC009594","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JC009594"},"issue":null,"journal":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","pages":"4593–4604","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Twentieth century sea surface temperature and salinity variations at Timor inferred from paired coral d18O and Sr/Ca measurements","type":"publication","volume":"119"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56565","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-10.12","123.31"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"123.31","maxElevationMeters":"-3","minElevationMeters":"-3","northernmostLatitude":"-10.12","southernmostLatitude":"-10.12","westernmostLongitude":"123.31"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Indian Ocean>Indonesia>Jawa Timur","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"29638","coreLengthMeters":2,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/cahyarini2014/cahyarini2014.txt","linkText":"KP1 Data","urlDescription":"Formatted Text File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"}]}],"dataTableName":"KP1 Cahyarini14","dataTableNotes":"Data has monthly resolution.","earliestYear":1914,"earliestYearBP":36,"earliestYearCE":1914,"mostRecentYear":2004,"mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Kupang Bay"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Kupang Bay, Timor Coral d18O and Sr/Ca Data for the 20th Century","studyNotes":"paleoceanography at the ITF exit passages, reconstruction salinity based on paired coral Sr/Ca & d18O\n      Provided Keywords: trace element,SST,SSS Porites coral","version":"1.0","xmlId":"16845"}