{"NOAAStudyId":"1924","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2006-07-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-1924.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":23,"earliestYearCE":1927,"entryId":"noaa-coral-1924","funding":[],"investigators":"Moses, C.S.; Swart, P.K.","mostRecentYearBP":-40,"mostRecentYearCE":1990,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1924","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The geochemical composition of skeletons from corals growing around the island of Tobago is impacted by several environmental forcing factors. This project studied the stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition, extension, skeletal luminescence, and the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of organic material contained in skeletons of the scleractinian corals Montastraea faveolata and Siderastrea siderea living at a relatively shallow depth (2-14 m) at Tobago. On an annual basis, the Orinoco River delivers organics-laden, lower salinity waters into the tropical North Atlantic where currents carry it north and west to Tobago and the eastern Caribbean. In addition, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) interacts with sea surface temperature (SST) and Venezuelan precipitation affecting the annual Orinoco floods. The wide-ranging effects of El Niņo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) also extend over South America and into the tropical North Atlantic. All these factors are suggested to influence the d18O of the coral skeletons, which is not simplistically related to either SST or the discharge of Orinoco. These forcing factors, each with independent oscillations in strength and phase, interact to produce a complex geochemical signal in Tobago coral skeletons.","author":null,"citation":"Moses, C.S. and P.K. Swart.  2006.  Stable isotope and growth records in corals from the island of Tobago: Not simply a record of the Orinoco.  Proceedings of the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium (Okinawa):580-587","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Scientific Reports","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2006,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Stable isotope and growth records in corals from the island of Tobago: Not simply a record of the Orinoco","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"1979","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["11.17","-60.85"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-60.85","maxElevationMeters":"-4","minElevationMeters":"-4","northernmostLatitude":"11.17","southernmostLatitude":"11.17","westernmostLongitude":"-60.85"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Caribbean Sea>Trinidad And Tobago","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"1002488","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>physical 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