{"NOAAStudyId":"22230","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-06-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-22230.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":-27,"earliestYearCE":1977,"entryId":"noaa-coral-22230","funding":[],"investigators":"Broek, T.A.B.; Walker, B.D.; Andreasen, D.H.; McCarthy, M.D.","mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22230","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"RATIONALE: Compound-specific isotope analysis of individual amino acids (CSI-AA) is a powerful new tool fortracing nitrogen (N) source and transformation in biogeochemical cycles. Specifically, the d15N value of phenylalanine (d15NPhe) represents an increasingly used proxy for source d15N signatures, with particular promise for paleoceanographic applications. However, current derivatization/gas chromatography methods require expensive and relatively uncommon instrumentation, and have relatively low precision, making many potential applications impractical. METHODS: A new offline approach has been developed for high-precision d15N measurements of amino acids (d15NAA), optimized for d15NPhe values. Amino acids (AAs) are first purified via high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), using a mixed-phase column and automated fraction collection. The d15N values are determined via offline elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS). RESULTS: The combinedHPLC/EA-IRMSmethod separated most proteinAAs with sufficient resolution to obtain accurate d15N values, despite significant intra-peak isotopic fractionation. For d15NPhe values, the precision was ±0.16‰ for standards, 4Å~ better than gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS; ±0.64‰). We also compared a d15NPhe paleo-record from a deep-sea bamboo coral from Monterey Bay, CA, USA, using our method versus GC/C/IRMS. The two methods produced equivalent d15NPhe values within error; however, the d15NPhe values from HPLC/EA-IRMS had approximately twice the precision of GC/C/IRMS (average stdev of 0.27‰±0.14‰ vs 0.60‰±0.20‰, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that offline HPLC represents a viable alternative to traditional GC/C/IMRS for d15NAA measurement. HPLC/EA-IRMS is more precise and widely available, and therefore useful in applications requiring increased precision for data interpretation (e.g. d15N paleoproxies).","author":{"name":"Broek, T.A.B., B.D. Walker, D.H. Andreasen, and M.D. McCarthy"},"citation":"Broek, T.A.B., B.D. Walker, D.H. Andreasen, and M.D. McCarthy. 2013. High-precision measurement of phenylalanine d15N values for environmental samples: A new approach coupling high-pressure liquid chromatography purification and elemental analyzerisotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 27, 2327-2337. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6695","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/rcm.6695","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6695"},"issue":null,"journal":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","pages":"2327-2337","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"High-precision measurement of phenylalanine d15N values for environmental samples: A new approach coupling high-pressure liquid chromatography purification and elemental analyzerisotope ratio mass spectrometry","type":"publication","volume":"27"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57247","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["36.74423","-122.037215"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-122.037215","maxElevationMeters":"-870","minElevationMeters":"-870","northernmostLatitude":"36.74423","southernmostLatitude":"36.74423","westernmostLongitude":"-122.037215"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>California","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33325","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/broek2013/broek2013.txt","linkText":"d15N Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"mean distance from outer margin of section","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"14C age model mean","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"elemental analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Used GC-Combustion-IRMS","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>amino acid>phenylalanine","cvMethod":"gas chromatography","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Used GC-Combustion-IRMS","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>amino acid>phenylalanine","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Used GC-Combustion-IRMS","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"gas chromatography","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Used GC-Combustion-IRMS","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"first purified via high-pressure liquid chromatography","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>amino acid>phenylalanine","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"first purified via high-pressure liquid chromatography","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>amino acid>phenylalanine","cvMethod":"elemental analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"first purified via high-pressure liquid chromatography","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"first purified via high-pressure liquid chromatography","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Isidella sp.","cvMethod":"elemental analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"}]}],"dataTableName":"Monterey Bay T1104 A7 Broek2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1977,"earliestYearBP":-27,"earliestYearCE":1977,"mostRecentYear":2004,"mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Monterey Bay T1104 A7"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Monterey Bay Bamboo Coral phenylalanine d15N Data from 1977-2004 CE","studyNotes":"Measurement precision- bulk d15N: <0.1 per mil AIR; d15N_Phe (GC-C-IRMS): 0.6 per mil AIR; d15N_Phe (HPLC-EA-IRMS): < 0.3 per mil AIR","version":"1.0","xmlId":"20268"}