{"NOAAStudyId":"23351","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-01-26","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-23351.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":10,"earliestYearCE":1940,"entryId":"noaa-coral-23351","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"1401326, 957881"},{"fundingAgency":"Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)","fundingGrant":"NE/H009957/1"}],"investigators":"Jimenez, G.; Cole, J.E.; Thompson, D.M.; Tudhope, A.W.","mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23351","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Models and observations disagree regarding sea surface temperature (SST) trends in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP). We present a new Sr/Ca-SST record that spans 1940-2010 from two Wolf Island corals (northern Galápagos). Trend analysis of the Wolf record shows significant warming on multiple timescales, which is also present in several other records and gridded instrumental products. Together, these datasets suggest that most of the ETP has warmed over the 20th century. In contrast, recent decades have been characterized by warming during boreal spring and summer (especially north of the equator), and subtropical cooling during boreal fall and winter (especially south of the equator). These SST trends are consistent with the effects of radiative forcing, mitigated by cooling due to wind forcing during boreal winter, as well as intensified upwelling and a strengthened Equatorial Undercurrent.","author":{"name":"Jimenez, Gloria, Julia E. Cole, Diane M. Thompson, and Alexander W. Tudhope"},"citation":"Jimenez, Gloria, Julia E. Cole, Diane M. Thompson, and Alexander W. Tudhope. 2018. Northern Galápagos corals reveal twentieth century warming in the eastern tropical Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters, 45. doi: 10.1002/2017GL075323","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/2017GL075323","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075323"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2018,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Northern Galápagos corals reveal twentieth century warming in the eastern tropical Pacific","type":"publication","volume":"45"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57596","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["1.385833","-91.831667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-91.831667","maxElevationMeters":"-10","minElevationMeters":"-10","northernmostLatitude":"1.385833","southernmostLatitude":"1.385833","westernmostLongitude":"-91.831667"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Eastern Pacific Ocean>Galapagos Islands","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"35193","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/jimenez2018/jimenez2018.txt","linkText":"jimenez2018.txt","urlDescription":"Coral","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"From GW10-3; smoothed to bimonthly resolution","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.>Porites lobata","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"From GW10-10; smoothed to bimonthly resolution","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.>Porites lobata","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"composite of GW10-3 and GW10-10; smoothed to bimonthly resolution","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.>Porites lobata","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"composite of GW10-3 and GW10-10; smoothed to bimonthly resolution","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.>Porites lobata","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"composite of GW10-3 and GW10-10; smoothed to bimonthly resolution","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":"4-month period>Dec-Mar","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"GW10-3 GW10-10 Sr/Ca Jimenez2018","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1940,"earliestYearBP":10,"earliestYearCE":1940,"mostRecentYear":2010,"mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Wolf Island"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Northern Galápagos Coral Sr/Ca Data and SST Reconstruction from 1940-2010 CE","studyNotes":"Provided Keywords: corals, eastern tropical Pacific, ocean dynamical thermostat, sea surface temperature, climate change","version":"1.0","xmlId":"21515"}