{"NOAAStudyId":"24477","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-06-25","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-24477.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":-13,"earliestYearCE":1963,"entryId":"noaa-coral-24477","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Netherlands Organization  for Scientific Research (NWO)","fundingGrant":"SINDOCOM"}],"investigators":"Grove, C.A.; Zinke, J.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24477","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Massive corals offer continuous records of climate locked within their skeleton, with the most commonly applied paleo-thermometer being Sr/Ca. Recently, however, problems with Sr/Ca thermometry indicate that the intrinsic variance of single-core Sr/Ca time series differs between cores. Here, we compare the Sr/Ca records and growth parameters of two Porites lutea colonies sampled from the same reef zone, 0.72 km apart, with two gridded SST datasets, ERSST and HadISST, off NE Madagascar. Specifically, we address seasonal and interannual variability as well as trend differences between records over the same 43 year period. The two gridded SST datasets showed strong seasonality and weak positive ENSO anomalies on a slow 43 year warming trend at significantly different rates. Both the coral Sr/Ca records showed the same clear seasonality and similar amplitudes in SST. However, on interannual timescales, they displayed diverging 43 year Sr/Ca trends and opposite responses to weak ENSO anomalies. Moreover, their growth response also differed as one coral showed increasing extension/calcification rates and Sr/Ca ratios (cooling) over the 43 years, while the other coral showed decreasing extension/calcification rates and Sr/Ca ratios (warming). Further, during positive ENSO events, the calcification rates of the two corals were negatively correlated, while skeletal density anomalies were opposite. Possible explanations to why these corals are so different may be related to the corals growth response to SST changes. The growth response of individual corals to increasing SST seems to be opposite, which in turn are likely related to biological factors. Consequently, coral growth responses explain much of the inter-colony Sr/Ca variability.","author":{"name":"Grove, C.A., Kasper, S., Zinke, J., Pfeiffer, M., Garbe-Schönberg, D. and Brummer, G.-J.A."},"citation":"Grove, C.A., Kasper, S., Zinke, J., Pfeiffer, M., Garbe-Schönberg, D. and Brummer, G.-J.A. 2013. Confounding effects of coral growth and high SST variability on skeletal Sr/Ca: Implications for coral paleothermometry. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14, 1277-1293. doi: 10.1002/ggge.20095","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/ggge.20095","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20095"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","pages":"1277-1293","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Confounding effects of coral growth and high SST variability on skeletal Sr/Ca: Implications for coral paleothermometry","type":"publication","volume":"14"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57676","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-17.092","49.86"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"49.86","maxElevationMeters":"-4","minElevationMeters":"-4","northernmostLatitude":"-17.092","southernmostLatitude":"-17.092","westernmostLongitude":"49.86"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Indian Ocean>Madagascar","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"36233","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/grove2013/grove2013-srca.txt","linkText":"STM2 and STM4 Sr/Ca Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from core STM4; interpolated linearly to monthly time steps","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from core STM2; interpolated linearly to monthly time steps","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"composite of STM4 and STM2; interpolated linearly to monthly time steps","cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"}]}],"dataTableName":"STM4/STM2 Sr/Ca Grove2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1963,"earliestYearBP":-13,"earliestYearCE":1963,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"36234","coreLengthMeters":1,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/grove2013/grove2013-stm2.txt","linkText":"STM2 Density, Extension and Calcification Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per cubic centimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>density"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>extension rate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>calcification rate"}]}],"dataTableName":"STM2 Grove2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1964,"earliestYearBP":-14,"earliestYearCE":1964,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"36235","coreLengthMeters":4,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/indian_ocean/grove2013/grove2013-stm4.txt","linkText":"STM4 Density, Extension and Calcification Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per cubic centimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>density"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>extension rate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>calcification rate"}]}],"dataTableName":"STM4 Grove2013","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1964,"earliestYearBP":-14,"earliestYearCE":1964,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"St. Marie"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"St. Marie, Madagascar Coral Sr/Ca, Density, Extension and Calcification Data from 1963-2006 CE","studyNotes":"Chronology based on seasonal cycles in trace elements (Sr/Ca)\r\n  Provided Keywords: corals, Sr/Ca, SST, Madagascar, Indian Ocean","version":"1.0","xmlId":"22640"}