{"NOAAStudyId":"24690","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-07-23","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/coral-sclerosponge","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-coral-24690.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":199,"earliestYearCE":1751,"entryId":"noaa-coral-24690","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Felis, T.; Ionita, M.; Rimbu, N.; Lohmann, G.; Kölling, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-45,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24690","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Thomas Felis, Jürgen Pätzold, Yossi Loya, Maoz Fine, Ahmed H. Nawar, Gerold Wefer"},"citation":"Thomas Felis, Jürgen Pätzold, Yossi Loya, Maoz Fine, Ahmed H. Nawar, Gerold Wefer. 2000. A coral oxygen isotope record from the northern Red Sea documenting NAO, ENSO, and North Pacific teleconnections on Middle East climate variability since the year 1750. Paleoceanography, 15(6), 679-694. doi: 10.1029/1999PA000477","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/1999PA000477","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999PA000477"},"issue":"6","journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":"679-694","pubRank":"2","pubYear":2000,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A coral oxygen isotope record from the northern Red Sea documenting NAO, ENSO, and North Pacific teleconnections on Middle East climate variability since the year 1750","type":"publication","volume":"15"},{"abstract":"The climate of the Sahara and Arabian Deserts during the Little Ice Age is not well known, due to a lack of annually resolved natural and documentary archives. We present an annual reconstruction of temperature and aridity derived from Sr/Ca and oxygen isotopes in a coral of the desert-surrounded northern Red Sea. Our data indicate that the eastern Sahara and Arabian Deserts did not experience pronounced cooling during the late Little Ice Age (~1750-1850) but suggest an even more arid mean climate than in the following ~150 years. The mild temperatures are broadly in line with predominantly negative phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the Little Ice Age. The more arid climate is best explained by meridional advection of dry continental air from Eurasia. We find evidence for an abrupt termination of the more arid climate after 1850, coincident with a reorganization of the atmospheric circulation over Europe.","author":{"name":"Thomas Felis, Monica Ionita, Norel Rimbu, Gerrit Lohmann, Martin Kölling"},"citation":"Thomas Felis, Monica Ionita, Norel Rimbu, Gerrit Lohmann, Martin Kölling. 2018. Mild and Arid Climate in the Eastern Sahara-Arabian Desert During the Late Little Ice Age. Geophysical Research Letters, 45. doi: 10.1029/2018GL078617","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2018GL078617","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078617"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2018,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Mild and Arid Climate in the Eastern Sahara-Arabian Desert During the Late Little Ice Age","type":"publication","volume":"45"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"1864","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["27.848333","34.31"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"34.31","maxElevationMeters":"-6","minElevationMeters":"-6","northernmostLatitude":"27.848333","southernmostLatitude":"27.848333","westernmostLongitude":"34.31"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Northern Africa>Egypt","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"36413","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/red_sea/ras-umm-sidd2018ann.txt","linkText":"Ras Umm Sidd Annual d18O, Sr/Ca, SST and d18Osw Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated using annual mean proxy-temperature relationship: [-0.140 mmol/mol per degC; Felis et al. Geology 2009]","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"RasUmmSidd2018ann","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1751,"earliestYearBP":199,"earliestYearCE":1751,"mostRecentYear":1994,"mostRecentYearBP":-44,"mostRecentYearCE":1994,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"36414","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>trace metals","earth science>paleoclimate>corals and sclerosponges>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/red_sea/ras-umm-sidd2018bmon.txt","linkText":"Ras Umm Sidd Bimonthly d18O and Sr/Ca Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CORALS AND SCLEROSPONGES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>coral>Porites sp.","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimole per mole","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>strontium/calcium"}]}],"dataTableName":"RasUmmSidd2018bmon","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1751,"earliestYearBP":199,"earliestYearCE":1751,"mostRecentYear":1995,"mostRecentYearBP":-45,"mostRecentYearCE":1995,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Ras Umm Sidd"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Ras Umm Sidd 245 Year Coral d18O, Sr/Ca, SST and d18Osw Data","studyNotes":"Coral oxygen isotope (d18O) and strontium/calcium data and reconstructed sea surface temperature and d18Oseawater from northern Red Sea coral RUS-95 collected off Ras Umm Sidd, Egypt, for the past 245 years.  Data are presented at both annual and bimonthly resolution.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"22854"}