{"NOAAStudyId":"10549","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-03-18","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/fire-history","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-10549.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":720,"earliestYearCE":1230,"entryId":"noaa-fire-10549","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"USDA Forest Service","fundingGrant":"04‐JV‐11272162‐407"},{"fundingAgency":"USA Joint Fire Science Program","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Skinner, C.N.; Taylor, A.H.; Trouet, V.; Wahl, E.R.; Stephens, S.L.","mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10549","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Despite a strong anthropogenic fingerprint on 20th Century wildland fire activity in the American West, climate remains a main driver. A better understanding of the spatiotemporal variability in fire-climate interactions is therefore crucial for fire management. Here, we present annually resolved, tree-ring based fire records for four regions in the American West that extend back to 1400 CE. In all regions, years with high fire activity were characterized by widespread yet regionally distinct summer droughts. Overall fire activity was high in late Medieval times, when much of the American West was affected by mega-droughts. A distinct decline in fire activity in the late 16th Century corresponds with anomalously low temperatures during the Little Ice Age and a decline in Native American fire use. The high spatiotemporal resolution of our fire record discloses a time-frequency dependent climatic influence on wildfire regimes in the American West that needs to be accounted for in fire models.","author":null,"citation":"Trouet, V., A. H. Taylor, E. R. Wahl, C. N. Skinner, and S. L. Stephens. 2010. Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE, Geophysical Research Letters 37, L04702, doi:10.1029/2009GL041695.\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2009GL041695","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL041695"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["PIPO","PSME","Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco","Douglas-fir","western yellow pine","CADE","Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin = Libocedrus decurrens Torr.","Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson","California incense cedar","ponderosa pine"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37200","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.84","-116.74"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-116.74","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"33.84","southernmostLatitude":"33.84","westernmostLongitude":"-116.74"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>California","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19347","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/ussw_001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","linkText":"ussw_001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/ussw_001-fire-hist-graph.png","linkText":"ussw_001-fire-hist-graph.png","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ussw_001.fhx","linkText":"ussw_001.fhx","urlDescription":"Fire Scar Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ussw_001.txt","linkText":"ussw_001.txt","urlDescription":"More Information","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/contributions_by_author/trouet2010/trouet2010.txt","linkText":"trouet2010.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Fire-scars are labelled '2'; years where the tree was recording are labelled '1'; years when it was not recording are labelled '0'","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and fire event code"}]}],"dataTableName":"USSW_001","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1230,"earliestYearBP":720,"earliestYearCE":1230,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"species":[{"commonName":["California incense cedar"],"scientificName":"Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin = Libocedrus decurrens Torr.","speciesCode":"CADE"},{"commonName":["ponderosa pine","western yellow pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson","speciesCode":"PIPO"},{"commonName":["Douglas-fir"],"scientificName":"Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco","speciesCode":"PSME"}],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Southwest (Blacks Mountain)"}],"studyCode":"USSW_001","studyName":"Skinner fire data from Southwest (Blacks Mountain) - IMPD USSW_001","studyNotes":"These fire-scar records were provided via a USDI/USDA  Interagency Joint Fire Sciences Program database project (Taylor,  A. H., C. N. Skinner, A. M. Carleton, and S. L. Stephens. 2007. Fire climate interactions and predicting fire season severity in the Mediterranean climate areas of California, southern Oregon, and western Nevada. Rep. 03-1-1-22. Joint Fire Sci. Program, Boise, Idaho.). Fire scar-records were selected from individual trees that were recording fire prior to the year 1500. Data from additional sites were also included in the Southwest site, and the original records for these sites are available via the International Multiproxy Paleofire Database (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/impd/paleofire.html):\nSite Name, Latitude (degrees N), Longitude (degrees W), Principal Investigator\nBlack Mountain,33.36,108.21,Baisan and Swetnam\nCanada Bonia,35.91,106.37,Touchan et al.\nCerro Bandera,35,108.1,Grissino-Mayer and Swetnam\nFillmore Canyon,32.33,106.56,Morino et al.\nHitchcock,32.38,110.68,1,Baisan and Morino\nHoya de Cibola Lava Flow,34.89,108.15,Grissino-Mayer and Swetnam\nJosephine Saddle,31.69,110.86,Gungle et al.\nLa Luz trail Sandia Mountains,35.21,106.46,Baisan and Swetnam\nLa Marchanita,34.99,108.06,Grissino-Mayer and Swetnam\nMesita Blanca,34.88,108.07,Grissino-Mayer and Swetnam\nMica Mountain,32.2,110.5,Baisan and Swetnam\nMonument Canyon Natural Area,35.8,106.62,Swetnam et al.\nN Alamo Bog,35.92,106.59,Morino et al.\nOld Pine Bluff,32.34,106.55,Morino et al.\nPeters Flat,32.46,109.56,Grissino-Mayer\nRincon Peak,32.12,110.52,Baisan\nRito de los Frijoles,35.82,106.38,Swetnam et al.\nRock House Spring,32.33,106.55,Morino and Swetnam\nRound Mountain,35.87,105.64,Touchan","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9213"}