{"NOAAStudyId":"19366","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-09-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/fire-history","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-19366.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":3616,"earliestYearCE":-1666,"entryId":"noaa-fire-19366","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"BCS-0845129"}],"investigators":"Calder, J.W.; Stopka, C.J.; Parker, D.; Jiménez-Moreno, G.; Shuman, B.N.","mostRecentYearBP":-62,"mostRecentYearCE":2012,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19366","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Many of the largest wildfires in US history burned in recent decades, and climate change explains much of the increase in area burned. The frequency of extreme wildfire weather will increase with continued warming, but many uncertainties still exist about future fire regimes, including how the risk of large fires will persist as vegetation changes. Past fire-climate relationships provide an opportunity to constrain the related uncertainties, and reveal widespread burning across large regions of western North America during past warm intervals. Whether such episodes also burned large portions of individual landscapes has been difficult to determine, however, because uncertainties with the ages of past fires and limited spatial resolution often prohibit specific estimates of past area burned. Accounting for these challenges in a subalpine landscape in Colorado, we estimated century-scale fire synchroneity across 12 lakesediment charcoal records spanning the past 2,000 y. The percentage of sites burned only deviated from the historic range of variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1,200 and 850 y B.P., when temperatures were similar to recent decades. Between 1,130 and 1,030 y B.P., 83% (median estimate) of our sites burned when temperatures increased ~0.5 degrees C relative to the preceding centuries. Lake-based fire rotation during the MCA decreased to an estimated 120 y, representing a 260% higher rate of burning than during the period of dendroecological sampling (360 to -60 y B.P.). Increased burning, however, did not persist throughout the MCA. Burning declined abruptly before temperatures cooled, indicating possible fuel limitations to continued burning.","author":{"name":"Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan"},"citation":"Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan. 2015. Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1500796112","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1073/pnas.1500796112","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500796112"},"issue":null,"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56596","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["40.473","-106.663"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-106.663","maxElevationMeters":"3071","minElevationMeters":"3071","northernmostLatitude":"40.473","southernmostLatitude":"40.473","westernmostLongitude":"-106.663"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Colorado","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"29888","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>charcoal sediment"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt","linkText":"usprd001.txt","urlDescription":"Charcoal Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>age at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>age at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment>wet sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"milliliter","cvWhat":"physical property>volume"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":">125  um","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>charcoal"}]}],"dataTableName":"USPRD001 CHAR","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":3616,"earliestYearBP":3616,"earliestYearCE":-1666,"mostRecentYear":-62,"mostRecentYearBP":-62,"mostRecentYearCE":2012,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Round Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area"}],"studyCode":"USPRD001","studyName":"Calder fire data from Round Lake, Colorado - IMPD USPRD001","studyNotes":"Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Round Lake near the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Colorado\nProvided Keywords: fire climate, warming\nCalder et al. includes datasets for twelve sites, including the one documented here. A list of all dataset site names and URLs follow:\nLake Eileen\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uselk001.txt\nGem Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgem001.txt\nGold Creek Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt\nHidden Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphd001.txt\nHinman Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphn001.txt\nMiddle Rainbow Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt\nRound Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt\nSeven Lakes\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspsv001.txt\nSummit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt\nTeal Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usptl001.txt\nTiago Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt\nWhale Lake\thttp://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspwl001.txt\n\nContact person:\tCalder, John\nSample storage location:\tUniversity of Wyoming\nSampling date:\t9/15/2012\nSite size(ha):\t6.2\nState/Province:\tColorado\nWater depth(cm):\t1183\nSampling device:\tModified Livingston with a polycarbonate tube\nAnalysis method:\tMacroscopic charcoal counts - see Calder et al. 2015 for details","version":"1.0","xmlId":"17058"}