{"NOAAStudyId":"20411","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-08-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/fire-history","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-20411.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":3136,"earliestYearCE":-1186,"entryId":"noaa-fire-20411","funding":[],"investigators":"Umbanhowar Jr., C.E.","mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20411","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Fires are common in grassland regions of the world, and the frequency and severity of fire is linked to climate-driven changes in fuel loads. Western Mongolia is dominated by grasslands but the fire history of this region is largely unknown. We reconstructed modern fire (48 lakes) and historical fires (9 lakes) using sediment charcoal. Modern fuel loads were estimated using a combination of clipped plots, satellite-based estimates of annual aboveground net primary productivity (NPP) and NPP modeled from annual temperature and precipitation. Loss-on-ignition and environmental magnetics of lake sediments were analyzed as proxies for climate. We found little evidence for modern or historical fire in the landscape, as charcoal was absent from the surface sediments of 34 of 48 lakes. Charcoal influxes were uniformly low, averaging from 0.002 to 0.028 mm2/cm2 per yr, over the past 1200 years at nine lakes, and the past 6000-5000 years at two of the lakes with longer sediment records. In the modern landscape, livestock grazing has eliminated most of the fuels necessary to carry a fire, as measured fuel loads (27.3+-4.9 g/m2) were only ~20% of aboveground annual NPP estimated using MODIS Imagery or modeled from climate data. The historical absence of fire may indicate a longer history of intensive grazing than sometimes assumed, and cultural prohibitions against burning may also play a role. Regional summary indicated a >50% decrease in charcoal influxes since AD 1600 at most sites which may be related to lower temperatures or greater aridity during the 'Little Ice Age'. Alternatively this decrease in charcoal influxes may reflect increases in livestock numbers or increased local concentrations because of restrictions on the movement of animals coincident with the establishment of Manchu rule in the late seventeenth century.","author":{"name":"Umbanhowar, C.E., Shinneman, A.L.C., Tserenkhand, G., Hammon, E.R., Lor, P., and Nail, K."},"citation":"Umbanhowar, C.E., Shinneman, A.L.C., Tserenkhand, G., Hammon, E.R., Lor, P., and Nail, K. 2009. Regional fire history based on charcoal analysis of sediments from nine lakes in western Mongolia. The Holocene, 19, 611-624. ","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"The Holocene","pages":"611-624","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Regional fire history based on charcoal analysis of sediments from nine lakes in western Mongolia","type":"publication","volume":"19"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56837","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["48.4631","95.1604"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"95.1604","maxElevationMeters":"1540","minElevationMeters":"1540","northernmostLatitude":"48.4631","southernmostLatitude":"48.4631","westernmostLongitude":"95.1604"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>Mongolia","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"31087","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>charcoal sediment"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/asia/mnbyn001.txt","linkText":"mnbyn001.txt","urlDescription":"Charcoal Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"> 180 um","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>charcoal"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"used for charcoal counts","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment>wet sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"milliliter","cvWhat":"physical property>volume"}]}],"dataTableName":"MNBYN001-CHAR","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":3136,"earliestYearBP":3136,"earliestYearCE":-1186,"mostRecentYear":-55,"mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Bayan Nuur"}],"studyCode":"MNBYN001","studyName":"Umbanhowar fire data from Bayan Nuur, western Mongolia - IMPD MNBYN001","studyNotes":null,"version":"1.0","xmlId":"18205"}