{"NOAAStudyId":"21570","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-03-03","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"FIRE HISTORY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/fire-history","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-fire-21570.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":435,"earliestYearCE":1515,"entryId":"noaa-fire-21570","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"DEB-0640351"}],"investigators":"Yocom, L.L.; Fulé, P.Z.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21570","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate-forcing mechanism that has been shown to affect precipitation and the occurrence of wildfires in many parts of the world. In the southern United States and northern Mexico, warm events (El Niño) are associated with moist winter conditions and fewer fires, while cool events (La Niña) tend to favor dry winters and more fires. We tested this relationship in a region of northeastern Mexico by characterizing the historical fire regime and climatic influences. Fire regimes were reconstructed from fire-scar samples collected from 100 trees in three high-elevation sites on Pena Nevada in southern Nuevo Leon. The sites were ~25 ha each, and the site centers were ~1 km apart. The earliest recorded fire occurred in 1521 and the time period we used for analysis was 1645-1929. The sites were characterized by frequent surface fires before the 1920s. In the three sites, mean fire intervals ranged from 8.6 to 9.6 years (all fires) and 11.9 to 18.6 years (fires that scarred >25% of recording trees). The per-tree mean fire return interval was 17 years, and all three sites burned in the same year seven times between 1774 and 1929. After 1929, fires were nearly eliminated in all sites, likely due to human causes. We found a temporal change in the association between ENSO events and fires; before the 1830s La Niña events were significantly associated with fire years, while after the 1830s this association was not significant. In 1998, when the most severe El Niño event of the past century occurred, the three sites experienced severe, stand-replacing fires that killed many trees that had survived multiple surface fires in the past. Prior to the 1830s, fires tended to occur during dry La Niña years, but since then both La Niña and El Niño have been associated with dry years in this region, especially during the last three decades. This result suggests that ENSO effects have changed over time in this location and that phases of ENSO are not consistent indicators of precipitation, fire occurrence, or fire behavior in this area of northeastern Mexico.","author":{"name":"Yocom, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, J. Villanueva-Díaz, D.A. Falk, and E. Cornejo-Oviedo"},"citation":"Yocom, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, J. Villanueva-Díaz, D.A. Falk, and E. Cornejo-Oviedo. 2010. El Niño-Southern Oscillation effect on a fire regime in northeastern Mexico has changed over time. Ecology, 91, 1660-1671. ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"N/A","type":"online resource","url":"http://www.jstor.org/stable/25680407"},"issue":null,"journal":"Ecology","pages":"1660-1671","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"El Niño-Southern Oscillation effect on a fire regime in northeastern Mexico has changed over time","type":"publication","volume":"91"},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Yocom Kent, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, E. Cornejo-Oviedo, C. Cortés Montaño, S.A. Drury, D.A. Falk, J. Meunier, H.M. Poulos, C.N. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, J. Villanueva-Díaz"},"citation":"Yocom Kent, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, E. Cornejo-Oviedo, C. Cortés Montaño, S.A. Drury, D.A. Falk, J. Meunier, H.M. Poulos, C.N. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, J. Villanueva-Díaz. 2017. Climate drives fire synchrony but local factors control fire regime change in northern Mexico. Ecosphere, 8, Article e01709, 3. ","edition":"3","identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Ecosphere","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2017,"reportNumber":"Article e01709","title":"Climate drives fire synchrony but local factors control fire regime change in northern Mexico","type":"publication","volume":"8"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Abies vejarii","ABVE","Pinus hartwegii Lindl.","Vejar's fir","PIHR","Mexican Mountain pine"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57241","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["23.79","-99.85"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-99.85","maxElevationMeters":"3403","minElevationMeters":"3403","northernmostLatitude":"23.79","southernmostLatitude":"23.79","westernmostLongitude":"-99.85"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Mexico","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33312","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/mxdi-001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","linkText":"mxdi-001-fire-hist-graph.pdf","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/mxdi-001-fire-hist-graph.png","linkText":"mxdi-001-fire-hist-graph.png","urlDescription":"Fire History Graph","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/mxdi-001.fhx","linkText":"mxdi-001.fhx","urlDescription":"Fire Scar Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>fire history>fire scar dates"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/mxdi-001.txt","linkText":"mxdi-001.txt","urlDescription":"More Information","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes","cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":"biological material>tissue>wood","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"formation property>event layer>tree demographic and injury and fire event code"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"FIRE HISTORY|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"MXDI-001","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1515,"earliestYearBP":435,"earliestYearCE":1515,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[{"commonName":["Mexican Mountain pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus hartwegii Lindl.","speciesCode":"PIHR"},{"commonName":["Vejar's fir"],"scientificName":"Abies vejarii","speciesCode":"ABVE"}],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"El Diferencial"}],"studyCode":"MXDI-001","studyName":"Yocom fire data from El Diferencial, Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo León, Mexico - IMPD MXDI-001","studyNotes":"This site was sampled as part of a project to reconstruct historical fire regimes in northeastern Mexico. Ring-boundary fire scars were assigned to the subsequent calendar year.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"20224"}