{"NOAAStudyId":"25910","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-12-25","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE FORCING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-forcing","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-forcing-25910.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":65900000,"earliestYearCE":-65898050,"entryId":"noaa-forcing-25910","funding":[],"investigators":"Steinthorsdottir, M.","mostRecentYearBP":19000000,"mostRecentYearCE":-18998050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25910","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"A unique stratigraphic sequence of fossil leaves of Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis (extinct trees of the beech family, Fagaceae) from central Germany has been used to derive an atmospheric pCO2 record with multiple data points spanning the late middle to late Eocene, two sampling levels which may be earliest Oligocene, and two samples from later in the Oligocene. Using the inverse relationship between the density of stomata and pCO2, we show that pCO2 decreased continuously from the late middle to late Eocene, reaching a relatively stable low value before the end of the Eocene. Based on the subsequent records, pCO2 in parts of the Oligocene was similar to latest Eocene values. These results suggest that a decrease in pCO2 preceded the large shift in marine oxygen isotope records that characterizes the Eocene-Oligocene transition and that when a certain threshold of pCO2 change was crossed, the cumulative effects of this and other factors resulted in rapid temperature decline, ice build up on Antarctica and hence a change of climate mode.","author":{"name":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Amanda S. Porter, Aidan Holohan, Lutz Kunzmann, Margaret Collinson, and Jennifer C. McElwain"},"citation":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Amanda S. Porter, Aidan Holohan, Lutz Kunzmann, Margaret Collinson, and Jennifer C. McElwain. 2016. Fossil plant stomata indicate decreasing atmospheric CO2 prior to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Climate of the Past, 12(2), 439-454. doi: 10.5194/cp-12-439-2016","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.5194/cp-12-439-2016","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-439-2016"},"issue":"2","journal":"Climate of the Past","pages":"439-454","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Fossil plant stomata indicate decreasing atmospheric CO2 prior to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary","type":"publication","volume":"12"},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Vivi Vajda, Mike Pole"},"citation":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Vivi Vajda, Mike Pole. 2016. Global trends of pCO2 across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary supported by the first Southern Hemisphere stomatal proxy-based pCO2 reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 464, 143-152. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.033","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.033","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.033"},"issue":null,"journal":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","pages":"143-152","pubRank":"2","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Global trends of pCO2 across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary supported by the first Southern Hemisphere stomatal proxy-based pCO2 reconstruction","type":"publication","volume":"464"},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Vivi Vajda, Mike Pole"},"citation":"Margret Steinthorsdottir, Vivi Vajda, Mike Pole. 2019. Significant transient pCO2 perturbation at the New Zealand Oligocene-Miocene transition recorded by fossil plant stomata. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 515, 152-161. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.039","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.039","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.039"},"issue":null,"journal":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","pages":"152-161","pubRank":"3","pubYear":2019,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Significant transient pCO2 perturbation at the New Zealand Oligocene-Miocene transition recorded by fossil plant stomata","type":"publication","volume":"515"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"22723","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-90","90","-180","180"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"180","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"90","southernmostLatitude":"-90","westernmostLongitude":"-180"}},"locationName":"Geographic Region>Global","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"37833","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>climate forcing>carbon dioxide"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/steinthorsdottir2016stomata.txt","linkText":"Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>climate forcing>carbon dioxide"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/steinthorsdottir2016stomata.xlsx","linkText":"Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data","urlDescription":"Excel File","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Steinthorsdottir2016stomata","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":65900000,"earliestYearBP":65900000,"earliestYearCE":-65898050,"mostRecentYear":19000000,"mostRecentYearBP":19000000,"mostRecentYearCE":-18998050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Global"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Paleo-pCO2 Database Cenozoic Stomata CO2 Data","studyNotes":"Paleo-CO2 derived from fossil plant stomata, contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database","version":"1.0","xmlId":"64214"}