{"NOAAStudyId":"16336","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-07-07","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"HISTORICAL","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/historical","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-historical-16336.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":208,"earliestYearCE":1742,"entryId":"noaa-historical-16336","funding":[],"investigators":"Slonosky, V.C.","mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16336","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Slonosky, V.C."},"citation":"Slonosky, V.C. 2014. Historical Climate Observations in Canada: 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature from the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec. Geosciences Data Journal. . doi: 10.1002/gdj3.11","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/gdj3.11","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.11"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geosciences Data Journal","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Historical Climate Observations in Canada: 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature from the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":"Climatological and meteorological observations in Canada begin in the first half of the 18th century. Continuous daily observations of the weather and climate for the province of Quebec start in the late 18th century. Estimates of daily minimum and maximum temperatures from historical fixed hour observations are provided from regression models based on hourly data from the modern period. Observations of temperature from different locations and observers are compared and regressions models are used to compile a single series of daily minimum and maximum temperatures extending back to 1742, with nearly continuous observations from 1798. Mean, absolute minimum and maximum values suggest considerable variability in the climate over the past two centuries. Based on a variety of climate indicators, exceptionally warm years include 1808, 1848, 1870, 1953 and 1998, while cold years include 1809, 1816, 1818, 1875 and 1904. Analysis of frost days and growing season length suggest a reduction in cold temperatures over past 200 years, while the incidence of cold spells and heat waves has decreased.","author":{"name":"Victoria C. Slonosky"},"citation":"Victoria C. Slonosky. 2014. Daily minimum and maximum temperature in the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec: two centuries of climatic observations from Canada. International Journal of Climatology. . doi: 10.1002/joc.4085","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/joc.4085","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.4085"},"issue":null,"journal":"International Journal of Climatology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Daily minimum and maximum temperature in the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec: two centuries of climatic observations from Canada","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56125","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["45.4","47","-77","-71"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-71","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"47","southernmostLatitude":"45.4","westernmostLongitude":"-77"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Canada>Quebec","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"26993","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>historical>weather observation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/st-lawrence2014temp.txt","linkText":"St. Lawrence Valley Composite Daily Min-Max Temperatures","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"St-Lawrence2014temp","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1742,"earliestYearBP":208,"earliestYearCE":1742,"mostRecentYear":2010,"mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"26994","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>historical>weather observation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/st-lawrence2014temp-sources.txt","linkText":"St. Lawrence Valley Composite Daily Min-Max Temperatures with Source Information","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"source for daily minimum value","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"source for daily maximum value","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"day of year","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"daily minimum","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>minimum temperature>minimum surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"to estimate daily minimum from fixed hourly observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>minimum temperature>minimum surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"to estimate Montreal daily minimum temperatures from other sites","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>minimum temperature>minimum surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"daily maximum","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>maximum temperature>maximum surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"to estimate daily maximum from fixed hourly observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>maximum temperature>maximum surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"to estimate Montreal daily maximum temperatures from other sites","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|HISTORICAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>maximum temperature>maximum surface temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"St-Lawrence2014temp-sources","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1742,"earliestYearBP":208,"earliestYearCE":1742,"mostRecentYear":2010,"mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"St. Lawrence Valley"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"St. Lawrence Valley, Quebec 18th and 19th Century Composite Daily Temperature Data","studyNotes":"18th and 19th Century composite historical daily temperature observations from the St. Lawrence River valley, Quebec, Canada. ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"14062"}