{"NOAAStudyId":"11918","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-08-03","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-11918.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":450,"earliestYearCE":1500,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-11918","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Australian Research Council  ","fundingGrant":"A39938047"},{"fundingAgency":"Australian Antarctic  Science Advisory Committee","fundingGrant":"1092"}],"investigators":"Vallelonga, P.; Van de Velde, K.; Candelone, J.-P.; Morgan, V.I.; Boutron, C.F.; Rosman, K.J.R.","mostRecentYearBP":-39,"mostRecentYearCE":1989,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11918","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Lead isotopic compositions and Pb and Ba concentrations have been \r\nmeasured in ice cores from Law Dome, East Antarctica, covering the \r\npast 6500 years. 'Natural' background concentrations of Pb (~0.4 pg/g) \r\nand Ba (~1.3 pg/g) are observed until 1884 AD, after which increased \r\nPb concentrations and lowered 206Pb/207Pb ratios indicate the influence \r\nof anthropogenic Pb. The isotopic composition of 'natural' Pb varies \r\nwithin the range 206Pb/207Pb=1.20 - 1.25 and 208Pb/207Pb=2.46 - 2.50, \r\nwith an average rock and soil dust Pb contribution of 8-12%. A major \r\npollution event is observed at Law Dome between 1884 and 1908 AD, \r\nelevating the Pb concentration four-fold and changing 206Pb/207Pb \r\nratios in the ice to ~1.12.  Based on Pb isotopic systematics and Pb \r\nemission statistics, this is attributed to Pb mined at Broken Hill \r\nand smelted at Broken Hill and Port Pirie, Australia.  Anthropogenic \r\nPb inputs are at their greatest from ~1900 to ~1910 and from ~1960 \r\nto ~1980. During the 20th century, Ba concentrations are consistently \r\nhigher than 'natural' levels and are attributed to increased dust \r\nproduction, suggesting the influence of climate change and/or changes \r\nin land coverage with vegetation. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"Vallelonga, P., K. Van de Velde, J.-P. Candelone, V.I. Morgan, \r\nC.F. Boutron, and K.J.R. Rosman. 2002.  \r\nThe lead pollution history of Law Dome, Antarctica, \r\nfrom isotopic measurements on ice cores: 1500 AD to 1989 AD. \r\nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 204, Issues 1-2, \r\npp. 291-306, 30 November 2002. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00983-4\r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00983-4","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00983-4"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2002,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The lead pollution history of Law Dome, Antarctica,  from isotopic measurements on ice cores: 1500 AD to 1989 AD","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19999","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-66.73","112.83"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"112.83","maxElevationMeters":"1390","minElevationMeters":"1390","northernmostLatitude":"-66.73","southernmostLatitude":"-66.73","westernmostLongitude":"112.83"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20214","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/law2002pb-ba.txt","linkText":"law2002pb-ba.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>206Pb/207Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>206Pb/207Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>208Pb/207Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>208Pb/207Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>206Pb/204Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"unspecified margin of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>206Pb/204Pb"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per trillion","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>lead"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per trillion","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>barium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>lead/barium"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/law2002pb-ba.xls","linkText":"law2002pb-ba.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"DSS-W20k","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1500,"earliestYearBP":450,"earliestYearCE":1500,"mostRecentYear":1989,"mostRecentYearBP":-39,"mostRecentYearCE":1989,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Law Dome"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Law Dome Ice Core 500 Year Lead Isotope and Barium Data","studyNotes":"Law Dome Antarctica ice core Pb and Ba concentrations,\nand Pb isotope ratios, for the period 1500-1989 CE. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10020"}