{"NOAAStudyId":"12950","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-05-29","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-12950.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":700,"earliestYearCE":1250,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-12950","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"PMPD2-110174"}],"investigators":"Eichler, A.; Brütsch, S.; Olivier, S.; Papina, T.; Schwikowski, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12950","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"Eichler, A., W. Tinner, S. Brütsch, S. Olivier, T. Papina, \r\nand M. Schwikowski. 2011. \r\nAn ice-core based history of Siberian forest fires since AD 1250. \r\nQuat. Sci. Rev., 30, 1027-1034. \r\nDOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.02.007 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.02.007","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.02.007"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"An ice-core based history of Siberian forest fires since AD 1250","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":"Emissions from forests represent an important source of gaseous \r\nprecursors of aerosols that can significantly alter the regional \r\nradiation balance. Long-term records of biogenic emissions are \r\navailable for Northern America and the Amazon Basin, whereas the \r\nhistorical development of emissions from Siberian forests, \r\ncomprising about 20% of the world’s forested area, is unknown \r\nso far. Here we investigate ice core ammonium and formate records \r\nfor the last 750 years, representing biogenic emissions from boreal \r\nSiberian forests in the pre-industrial era. Biogenic emissions \r\nwere found to be closely related to changes in temperature following \r\nvariations in solar activity. In addition, anthropogenic emissions \r\nhave caused a strong increase of the ammonium concentrations \r\nand a drop of the formate concentrations in the last 60 years. ","author":null,"citation":"Eichler, A., S. Brütsch, S. Olivier, T. Papina, and M. Schwikowski. 2009. \rA 750 year ice core record of past biogenic emissions from Siberian \rboreal forests. \rGeophys. Res. Lett., 36, L18813, doi:10.1029/2009GL038807 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2009GL038807 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038807 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A 750 year ice core record of past biogenic emissions from Siberian  boreal forests","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53018","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["49.8072","86.5786"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"86.5786","maxElevationMeters":"4062","minElevationMeters":"4062","northernmostLatitude":"49.8072","southernmostLatitude":"49.8072","westernmostLongitude":"86.5786"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Eastern Europe>Russia","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22420","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/belukha/belukha2009ions.txt","linkText":"belukha2009ions.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"10-year average","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>formate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>chlorine>chloride"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>nitrate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>sulfate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>sodium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>ammonium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>potassium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>magnesium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microequivalent per liter","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>calcium"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/belukha/belukha2009ions.xls","linkText":"belukha2009ions.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Belukha2009ions","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1250,"earliestYearBP":700,"earliestYearCE":1250,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Belukha Glacier"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai 750 Year Major Ions Data ","studyNotes":"10-year averages of the major ion concentrations from the 2001 Belukha \nice core, Siberian Altai. Dating uncertainties are <3 years (AD 1815-2000), \n<5 years (AD 1400-1815), and <10 years (AD 1250-1400).\n\nBelukha ice core, Siberian Altai: \n49°48'26\"N, 86°34'43\"E, elevation 4062 m a.s.l., 139 m long \n\n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10992"}