{"NOAAStudyId":"12995","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-06-11","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-12995.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":114193,"earliestYearCE":-112243,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-12995","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Bereiter, B.; Lüthi, D.; Siegrist, M.; Schüpbach, S.; Stocker, T.F.; Fischer, H.","mostRecentYearBP":34167,"mostRecentYearCE":-32217,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12995","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Important elements of natural climate variations during the last \r\nice age are abrupt temperature increases over Greenland and related \r\nwarming and cooling periods over Antarctica. Records from Antarctic \r\nice cores have shown that the global carbon cycle also plays a \r\nrole in these changes. The available data shows that atmospheric \r\nCO2 follows closely temperatures reconstructed from Antarctic ice \r\ncores during these variations. Here, we present new high-resolution \r\nCO2 data from Antarctic ice cores, which cover the period between \r\n115,000 and 38,000 y before present. Our measurements show that also \r\nsmaller Antarctic warming events have an imprint in CO2 concentrations. \r\nMoreover, they indicate that during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, \r\nthe peak of millennial CO2 variations lags the onset of Dansgaard/\r\nOeschger warmings by 250 +/- 190 y. During MIS 3, this lag increases \r\nsignificantly to 870 +/- 90 y. Considerations of the ocean circulation \r\nsuggest that the millennial variability associated with the Atlantic \r\nMeridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) undergoes a mode change \r\nfrom MIS 5 to MIS 4 and 3. Ocean carbon inventory estimates imply \r\nthat during MIS 3 additional carbon is derived from an extended mass \r\nof carbon-enriched Antarctic Bottom Water. The absence of such a \r\ncarbon-enriched water mass in the North Atlantic during MIS 5 can \r\nexplain the smaller amount of carbon released to the atmosphere \r\nafter the Antarctic temperature maximum and, hence, the shorter lag. \r\nOur new data provides further constraints for transient coupled \r\ncarbon cycle-climate simulations during the entire last glacial cycle. ","author":null,"citation":"Bereiter, B., D. Lüthi, M. Siegrist, S. Schüpbach, T.F. Stocker, \r\nand H. Fischer. 2012. \r\nMode change of millennial CO2 variability during the last \r\nglacial cycle associated with a bipolar marine carbon seesaw. \r\nProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, \r\npublished ahead of print June 6, 2012, \r\ndoi:10.1073/pnas.1204069109 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1073/pnas.1204069109","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1204069109"},"issue":null,"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Mode change of millennial CO2 variability during the last  glacial cycle associated with a bipolar marine carbon seesaw","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["carbon cycle","Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"20568","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-75",".07"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"0.07","maxElevationMeters":"2892","minElevationMeters":"2892","northernmostLatitude":"-75","southernmostLatitude":"-75","westernmostLongitude":"0.07"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22449","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/edml-talos2012co2.txt","linkText":"edml-talos2012co2.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"TALDICE-1a gas age","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDML1_Sc4 gas age","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard deviation","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/edml-talos2012co2.xls","linkText":"edml-talos2012co2.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"EDML2012CO2","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":114193,"earliestYearBP":114193,"earliestYearCE":-112243,"mostRecentYear":43602,"mostRecentYearBP":43602,"mostRecentYearCE":-41652,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"EPICA Dronning Maud Land"},{"NOAASiteId":"31509","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-72.8166","159.1833"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"159.1833","maxElevationMeters":"2315","minElevationMeters":"2315","northernmostLatitude":"-72.8166","southernmostLatitude":"-72.8166","westernmostLongitude":"159.1833"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22450","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/edml-talos2012co2.txt","linkText":"edml-talos2012co2.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"TALDICE-1a gas age","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDML1_Sc4 gas age","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard deviation","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/edml-talos2012co2.xls","linkText":"edml-talos2012co2.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"TALDICE2012CO2","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":68436,"earliestYearBP":68436,"earliestYearCE":-66486,"mostRecentYear":34167,"mostRecentYearBP":34167,"mostRecentYearCE":-32217,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Talos Dome TALDICE"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"EDML-Talos Dome Antarctic Ice Core 38-115KYrBP CO2 Data","studyNotes":"High-resolution Carbon Dioxide (CO2) data from two Antarctic ice cores, \ncovering the period between 115,000 and 38,000 years before present. \n\nEPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core: 75°00'S,  00°04'E, 2892 m elevation \nTALDICE Talos Dome Ice Core:       72°49'S, 159°11'E, 2315 m elevation ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11037"}