{"NOAAStudyId":"13175","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-07-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-13175.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":478,"earliestYearCE":1472,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-13175","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Marsden Fund","fundingGrant":"VUW0509"},{"fundingAgency":"New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Rhodes, R.H.; Bertler, N.A.N.; Baker, J.A.; Steen-Larsen, H.C.; Sneed, S.; Morgenstern, U.; Johnsen, S.J.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13175","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Increasing paleoclimatic evidence suggests that the Little Ice Age \r\n(LIA) was a global climate change event. Understanding the forcings \r\nand associated climate system feedbacks of the LIA is made difficult \r\nby the scarcity of Southern Hemisphere paleoclimate records. We use \r\na new glaciochemical record of a coastal ice core from Mt. Erebus \r\nSaddle, Antarctica, to reconstruct atmospheric and oceanic conditions \r\nin the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica over the past five centuries. \r\nThe LIA is identified in stable isotope (dD) and lithophile element \r\nrecords, which respectively demonstrate that the region experienced \r\n1.6 ± 1.4°C cooler average temperatures prior to 1850 AD than during \r\nthe last 150 yr and strong (>57 m s-1) prevailing katabatic winds \r\nbetween 1500 and 1800 AD.  Al and Ti concentration increases of \r\nan order of magnitude (>120 ppb Al) are linked to enhanced aeolian \r\ntransport of complex silicate minerals and represent the strongest \r\nkatabatic wind events of the LIA. These events are associated with \r\nthree 12-30 yr intervals of cooler temperatures at ca. 1690 AD, \r\n1770 AD and 1840 AD. Furthermore, ice core concentrations of the \r\nbiogenic sulphur species MS- suggest that biological productivity \r\nin the Ross Sea polynya was ~80% higher prior to 1875 AD than at \r\nany subsequent time. We propose that cooler Antarctic temperatures \r\npromoted stronger katabatic winds across the Ross Ice Shelf, \r\nresulting in an enlarged Ross Sea polynya during the LIA. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"Rhodes, R.H., N.A.N. Bertler, J.A. Baker, H.C. Steen-Larsen, \r\nS.B. Sneed, U. Morgenstern, and S.J. Johnsen. 2012. \r\nLittle Ice Age climate and oceanic conditions of the Ross Sea, \r\nAntarctica, from a coastal ice core record. \r\nClimate of the Past, Vol.  8, pp. 1223-1238 \r\ndoi:10.5194/cp-8-1223-2012 \r\nwww.clim-past.net/8/1223/2012/","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.5194/cp-8-1223-2012","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1223-2012"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate of the Past","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Little Ice Age climate and oceanic conditions of the Ross Sea,  Antarctica, from a coastal ice core record","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Little Ice Age 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