{"NOAAStudyId":"13566","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-11-07","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-13566.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":14,"earliestYearCE":1936,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-13566","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Australian Institute of Nuclear  Science and Engineering Research (AINSE)","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Australian Antarctic Division","fundingGrant":"AAS#2384, AAS#3064 and AAS#1172"},{"fundingAgency":"Australian Cooperative Research Centres Programme","fundingGrant":"ACE CRC"}],"investigators":"Pedro, J.B.; McConnell, J.R.; van Ommen, T.D.; Fink, D.; Curran, M.A.J.; Smith, A.M.; Simon, K.J.; Moy, A.D.; Das, S.B.","mostRecentYearBP":-59,"mostRecentYearCE":2009,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13566","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Cosmogenic 10Be in polar ice cores is a primary proxy for past solar activity. However, interpretation of the 10Be record is hindered by limited understanding of the physical processes governing its atmospheric transport and deposition to the ice sheets. This issue is addressed by evaluating two accurately dated, annually resolved ice core 10Be records against modern solar activity observations and instrumental and reanalysis climate data. The cores are sampled from the DSS site on Law Dome, East Antarctica (spanning 1936-2009) and the Das2 site, southeast Greenland (1936-2002), permitting inter-hemispheric comparisons. Concentrations at both DSS and Das2 are significantly correlated to the 11-yr solar cycle modulation of cosmic ray intensity, rxy = 0.54 with 95% CI [0.31; 0.70], and rxy = 0.45 with 95% CI [0.22; 0.62], respectively. For both sites, if fluxes are used instead of concentrations then correlations with solar activity decrease. The strength and spectral coherence of the solar activity signal in 10Be is enhanced when ice core records are combined from both Antarctica and Greenland. The amplitudes of the 11-yr solar cycles in the 10Be data appear inconsistent with the view that the ice sheets receive only 10Be produced at polar latitudes. Significant climate signals detected in the 10Be series include the zonal wave three pattern of atmospheric circulation at DSS, rxy = -0.36 with 95% CI [-0.57; -0.10], and the North Atlantic Oscillation at Das2, rxy = -0.42 with 95% CI [-0.64; -0.15]. The sensitivity of 10Be concentrations to modes of atmospheric circulation advises caution in the use of 10Be records from single sites in solar forcing reconstructions. ","author":null,"citation":"J.B. Pedro, J.R. McConnell, T.D.van Ommen, D.Fink, M.A.J. Curran, A.M. Smith, K.J. Simon, A.D.Moy, S.B.Das. 2012. \r\nSolar and climate influences on icecore 10Be records from Antarctica and Greenland during the neutron monitor era. \r\nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 355-356, pp. 174-186. \r\nDOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.038","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.038","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.038"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Solar and climate influences on icecore 10Be records from Antarctica and Greenland during the neutron monitor era","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19999","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-66.73","112.83"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"112.83","maxElevationMeters":"1390","minElevationMeters":"1390","northernmostLatitude":"-66.73","southernmostLatitude":"-66.73","westernmostLongitude":"112.83"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"23278","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>radiogenic isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/pedro2012law10be.txt","linkText":"pedro2012law10be.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per square meter per second","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per square meter per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"m ice equivalent/year","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>radiogenic isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/pedro2012bipolar10be.txt","linkText":"pedro2012bipolar10be.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"standard deviation unit","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"}]}],"dataTableName":"DSS2012-10Be","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1936,"earliestYearBP":14,"earliestYearCE":1936,"mostRecentYear":2009,"mostRecentYearBP":-59,"mostRecentYearCE":2009,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Law Dome"},{"NOAASiteId":"54251","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["67.5273","-36.0615"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-36.0615","maxElevationMeters":"2936","minElevationMeters":"2936","northernmostLatitude":"67.5273","southernmostLatitude":"67.5273","westernmostLongitude":"-36.0615"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"23280","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>radiogenic isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/pedro2012bipolar10be.txt","linkText":"pedro2012bipolar10be.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"standard deviation unit","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>radiogenic isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/law/pedro2012greenland10be.txt","linkText":"pedro2012greenland10be.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per milligram","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"atom per square meter per second","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"accelerator mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per square meter per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>10Be"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"m ice equivalent/year","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"}]}],"dataTableName":"Das2-2012-10Be","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1936,"earliestYearBP":14,"earliestYearCE":1936,"mostRecentYear":2002,"mostRecentYearBP":-52,"mostRecentYearCE":2002,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Das2"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Polar Ice Cores Annual 10Be Data for the Neutron Monitor Era","studyNotes":"Annually-resolved 10Be concentrations, stable water isotope ratios and \naccumualtion rate data from the DSS site on Law Dome, East Antarctica \n(spanning 1936-2009) and the Das2 site, southeast Greenland (1936-2002).\nA composite record constructed from these records and previously published \nrecords from NGRIP, Renland and Dye 3 (Greenland) and Dronning Maud Land \n(Antarctica) is also provided. \n\nReferences for DSS data spanning 2000-2010: Pedro et al. Clim. Past 7:707; Pedro et al. JGR 116:D23120\n\nNote: All measurements are calibrated to the NIST SRM 4325 10Be standard reference material, utilising the Nishiizumi et al. (2007) 10Be:9Be ratio of (2.79 +/- 0.02) x 10^(-11)","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11607"}