{"NOAAStudyId":"15077","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-09-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-15077.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":153200,"earliestYearCE":-151250,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-15077","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":"Seventh Framework programme (FP7/2007-2013)"}],"investigators":"Landais, A.; Dreyfus, G.; Capron, E.; Jouzel, J.; Masson-Delmotte, V.; Roche, D.M.; Prié, F.; Caillon, N.; Chappellaz, J.A.; Leuenberger, M.; Lourantou, A.; Parrenin, F.; Raynaud, D.; Teste, G.","mostRecentYearBP":1380,"mostRecentYearCE":570,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15077","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"Lourantou, A., J. Chappellaz, J.-M. Barnola, V. Masson-Delmotte, and D. Raynaud. 2010. Changes in atmospheric CO2 and its carbon isotopic ratio during the penultimate deglaciation. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, Issues 17-18, August 2010, pp. 1983-1992 doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.002","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.002","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.002"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"3","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Changes in atmospheric CO2 and its carbon isotopic ratio during  the penultimate deglaciation","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":"The end of the Last Glacial Maximum (Termination I), roughly 20 thousand years ago (ka), was marked by cooling in the Northern Hemisphere, a weakening of the Asian monsoon, a rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and warming over Antarctica. The sequence of events associated with the previous glacial-interglacial transition (Termination II), roughly 136 ka, is less well constrained. Here we present high-resolution records of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and isotopic composition of N2 - an atmospheric temperature proxy - from air bubbles in the EPICA Dome C ice core that span Termination II. We find that atmospheric CO2 concentrations and Antarctic temperature started increasing in phase around 136 ka, but in a second phase of Termination II, from 130.5 to 129 ka, the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations lagged that of Antarctic temperature unequivocally. We suggest that during this second phase, the intensification of the low-latitude hydrological cycle resulted in the development of a CO2 sink, which counteracted the CO2 outgassing from the Southern Hemisphere oceans over this period.","author":{"name":"Landais, A., Dreyfus, G.B., Capron, E., Jouzel, J., Masson-Delmotte, V., Roche, D.M., Prié, F., Caillon, N., Chappellaz, J., Leuenberger, M., Lourantou, A., Parrenin, F., Raynaud, D., Teste, G."},"citation":"Landais, A., Dreyfus, G.B., Capron, E., Jouzel, J., Masson-Delmotte, V., Roche, D.M., Prié, F., Caillon, N., Chappellaz, J., Leuenberger, M., Lourantou, A., Parrenin, F., Raynaud, D., Teste, G. 2013. Two-phase change in CO2, Antarctic temperature and global climate during Termination II. Nature Geoscience, 6(12), 1062-1065. doi: 10.1038/ngeo1985","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo1985","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1985"},"issue":"12","journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":"1062-1065","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Two-phase change in CO2, Antarctic temperature and global climate during Termination II","type":"publication","volume":"6"},{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"G.B. Dreyfus, F. Parrenin, B. Lemieux-Dudon, G. Durand, V. Masson-Delmotte, J. Jouzel, J.-M. Barnola, L. Panno, R. Spahni, A. Tisserand, U. Siegenthaler, and M. Leuenberger. 2007. Anomalous flow below 2700 m in the EPICA Dome C ice core detected using d18O of atmospheric oxygen measurements. Climate of the Past, Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp. 341-353.  DOI: 10.5194/cp-3-341-2007","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.5194/cp-3-341-2007","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-341-2007"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate of the Past","pages":null,"pubRank":"4","pubYear":2007,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Anomalous flow below 2700 m in the EPICA Dome C ice core detected using d18O of atmospheric oxygen measurements","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"Gabrielle B. Dreyfus, Jean Jouzel, Michael L. Bender, Amaëlle Landais, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Markus Leuenberger. 2010. Firn processes and d15N: potential for a gas-phase climate proxy. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, Issues 1-2, pp. 28-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.012","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.012","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.012"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Firn processes and d15N: potential for a gas-phase climate proxy","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Last Interglacial"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19998","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-75.1","123.4"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"123.4","maxElevationMeters":"3240","minElevationMeters":"3240","northernmostLatitude":"-75.1","southernmostLatitude":"-75.1","westernmostLongitude":"123.4"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25091","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>nitrogen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc2013d15n.txt","linkText":"edc2013d15n.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>nitrogen gas","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 15N"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC2013d15N","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":152400,"earliestYearBP":152400,"earliestYearCE":-150450,"mostRecentYear":98200,"mostRecentYearBP":98200,"mostRecentYearCE":-96250,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"25092","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc2013d18oatm.txt","linkText":"edc2013d18oatm.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>oxygen gas","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil AIR","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC2013d18Oatm","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":152470,"earliestYearBP":152470,"earliestYearCE":-150520,"mostRecentYear":1380,"mostRecentYearBP":1380,"mostRecentYearCE":570,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"25093","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc2013co2.txt","linkText":"edc2013co2.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC2013CO2","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":153200,"earliestYearBP":153200,"earliestYearCE":-151250,"mostRecentYear":124900,"mostRecentYearBP":124900,"mostRecentYearCE":-122950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"EPICA Dome C"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"EPICA Dome C Ice Core Terminations I and II Air Isotopes and CO2 Data","studyNotes":"This dataset gathers published and new data of d15N, d18Oatm and CO2 from the EPICA Dome C ice core over Terminations I and II.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"12918"}