{"NOAAStudyId":"17817","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"1997-11-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-17817.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":110977,"earliestYearCE":-109027,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-17817","funding":[],"investigators":"Ram, M.; Koenig, G.","mostRecentYearBP":12437,"mostRecentYearCE":-10487,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17817","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"In this paper, we present and discuss the pre-Holocene dust profile of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core retrieved from central Greenland measured using laser/light scattering (LLS) from ice and compare it with the electrical conductivity method and oxygen isotope profiles. We describe how we dated the pre/Holocene ice using the annual dust peaks observed with LLS (starting from the accepted chronology to 2250 m) and obtained a chronology in substantial accord with the gas-age dating of the ice. We also show that the GISP2 ice core penetrated the Eemian and that a record of a 10.2-kyr penultimate glaciation is present in the GISP2 core.","author":{"name":"Michael Ram and Gerson Koenig"},"citation":"Michael Ram and Gerson Koenig. 1997. Continuous dust concentration profile of pre-Holocene ice from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core: Dust stadials, interstadials, and the Eemian. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 102(C12), 26641-26648. doi: 10.1029/96JC03548","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/96JC03548","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96JC03548"},"issue":"C12","journal":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","pages":"26641-26648","pubRank":"1","pubYear":1997,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Continuous dust concentration profile of pre-Holocene ice from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core: Dust stadials, interstadials, and the Eemian","type":"publication","volume":"102"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19978","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["72.6","-38.5"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-38.5","maxElevationMeters":"3200","minElevationMeters":"3200","northernmostLatitude":"72.6","southernmostLatitude":"72.6","westernmostLongitude":"-38.5"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"28136","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/dust/","linkText":"GISP2 LLS 50m Data Files Folder","urlDescription":"Data Folder","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/dust/lightall.txt","linkText":"GISP2 Laser Light Scattering 1 meter and 1/2 meter averages","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"either meltwater or solid","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"laser light scattering","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"relative unit","cvWhat":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/dust/lightinf.txt","linkText":"GISP2 LLS Information","urlDescription":"Information File","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"GISP21997LLS","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":110977,"earliestYearBP":110977,"earliestYearCE":-109027,"mostRecentYear":12437,"mostRecentYearBP":12437,"mostRecentYearCE":-10487,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"GISP2"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"GISP2 Ice Core 110 KYr Laser Light Scattering Data","studyNotes":"GISP2 solid ice laser light scattering (LLS) data. ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15502"}