{"NOAAStudyId":"17876","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"1997-11-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-17876.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":248000,"earliestYearCE":-246050,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-17876","funding":[],"investigators":"Souchez, R.; Lemmens, M.; Chappellaz, J.A.","mostRecentYearBP":230000,"mostRecentYearCE":-228050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17876","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"This paper documents a larger degree of mixing in ice near the bottom of an ice sheet than described, or suspected, previously. It shows, thanks to favourable circumstances due to CO2 and CH4 production underneath the ice, that flow-induced mixing within the basal ice has taken place at the scale of a few centimeters in the GRIP core. Such a mechanism must be considered when interpreting the ice properties in the bottom part of ice sheets and must be taken into account as a potential process of layer disruption in the low levels of the Central Greenland ice cores.","author":{"name":"R. Souchez, M. Lemmens, J. Chappellaz"},"citation":"R. Souchez, M. Lemmens, J. Chappellaz. 1995. Flow-induced mixing in the GRIP basal ice deduced from the CO2 and CH4 records. Geophysical Research Letters, 22(1), 41-44. doi: 10.1029/94GL02863","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/94GL02863","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94GL02863"},"issue":"1","journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":"41-44","pubRank":"1","pubYear":1995,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Flow-induced mixing in the GRIP basal ice deduced from the CO2 and CH4 records","type":"publication","volume":"22"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19973","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["72.58","-37.63"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-37.63","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"72.58","southernmostLatitude":"72.58","westernmostLongitude":"-37.63"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"28178","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/grip/gases/gasbas.txt","linkText":"GRIP Basal Ice Gas Concentrations","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>carbon dioxide"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE FORCING|ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>methane"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"milliliter per gram","cvWhat":"physical property>porosity>air content"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>nitrogen>nitrogen gas"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"atmospheric material>bulk atmosphere","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>oxygen>oxygen gas"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"}]}],"dataTableName":"GRIP1997basalgas","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":248000,"earliestYearBP":248000,"earliestYearCE":-246050,"mostRecentYear":230000,"mostRecentYearBP":230000,"mostRecentYearCE":-228050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"GRIP"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"GRIP Ice Core Basal Ice Gas Concentrations","studyNotes":"This file contains gas data from the GRIP basal ice.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15588"}