{"NOAAStudyId":"2477","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2004-07-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-2477.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":804390,"earliestYearCE":-802440,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-2477","funding":[],"investigators":"EPICA community members","mostRecentYearBP":-49,"mostRecentYearCE":1999,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/2477","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"EPICA community members. 2004. Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core. Nature 429(6992):623-628.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Nature","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2004,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19998","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-75.1","123.4"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"123.4","maxElevationMeters":"3240","minElevationMeters":"3240","northernmostLatitude":"-75.1","southernmostLatitude":"-75.1","westernmostLongitude":"123.4"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"2619","coreLengthMeters":3200,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>atmospheric gas"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc_timescale.txt","linkText":"edc_timescale.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDC1","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDC1","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDC2","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>gas age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDC2","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC96","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":-802440,"earliestYearBP":804390,"earliestYearCE":-802440,"mostRecentYear":1999,"mostRecentYearBP":-49,"mostRecentYearCE":1999,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38170","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc99_ecm.txt","linkText":"edc99_ecm.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"direct current electrical conductivity measurement","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"nanosiemens","cvWhat":"electrical property>electrical conductivity"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC99 ECM Fluckiger2004","dataTableNotes":"Electrical conductance measured along the EPICA Dome C - 99 ice core. \r\nThe data were corrected to -15°C.","earliestYear":800000,"earliestYearBP":800000,"earliestYearCE":-798050,"mostRecentYear":43000,"mostRecentYearBP":43000,"mostRecentYearCE":-41050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38171","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc99_dep.txt","linkText":"edc99_dep.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"dielectric profiling","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"siemens per meter","cvWhat":"electrical property>electrical conductivity"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC99 DEP Fluckiger2004","dataTableNotes":"Dielectric profiling data from EPICA Dome C core EDC99, 7-3165 metres.\r\n\r\nFrom the dielectric profiler (DEP) this is the dataset of 100 kHz conductivity, \r\nmeasured in the field at temperatures of –20+/-2 degrees C, and corrected to a \r\ntemperature of –15 degrees C.  Data were measured at 2 cm resolution, but are \r\naveraged here to 1 metre.  Ages for the mid point of the average are given on \r\ntimescale EDC2 (EPICA Community Members, Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic \r\nice core, Nature, 429 (6992), 623-628, 2004).","earliestYear":775000,"earliestYearBP":775000,"earliestYearCE":-773050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38172","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc96_ecm.txt","linkText":"edc96_ecm.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":"direct current electrical conductivity measurement","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"nanosiemens","cvWhat":"electrical property>electrical conductivity"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC96 ECM Fluckiger2004","dataTableNotes":"Electrical conductance measured along the EPICA Dome C - 96 ice core. \r\nThe data were corrected to -15°C.","earliestYear":45000,"earliestYearBP":45000,"earliestYearCE":-43050,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":2000,"mostRecentYearCE":-50,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38173","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc_dust.txt","linkText":"edc_dust.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per billion","cvWhat":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC Dust Delmonte2004","dataTableNotes":"Concentration of insoluble dust in the EPICA Dome C cores, 100-3138 m depth.\r\nDust concentration and size distribution were measured by a 256 channel CoulterCounter, set to register particles in the size range from 0.7-20 µm. In calculating mass concentrations, density was taken as 2500 kg m-3. Ages are given on timescale EDC2 (EPICA Community Members, Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core, Nature, 429 (6992), 623-628, 2004).","earliestYear":740000,"earliestYearBP":740000,"earliestYearCE":-738050,"mostRecentYear":2504,"mostRecentYearBP":2504,"mostRecentYearCE":-554,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38174","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>hydrogen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc_dd.txt","linkText":"edc_dd.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil SMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC Deuterium Jouzel2004","dataTableNotes":"Deuterium data from EPICA Dome C ice cores, 6.6-3140.5 metres, \r\nalso presented as 3 kyr averages, 0-741 kyr.\r\ndD was determined on meltwater from 55 cm long sections. \r\nThe current dataset was derived using a \"quick\" mode \r\n(each sample is measured twice instead of four times), \r\nleading to a typical accuracy of 1.5‰, whereas we aim \r\nfor a final precision of 0.5‰ over the entire core.  \r\nThe data here correspond to values averaged across seven \r\nsuccessive samples (depth scale) or averaged across \r\n3000 year intervals. Ages are given on timescale EDC2 \r\n(EPICA Community Members, Eight glacial cycles from an \r\nAntarctic ice core, Nature, 429 (6992), 623-628, 2004).","earliestYear":741000,"earliestYearBP":741000,"earliestYearCE":-739050,"mostRecentYear":70,"mostRecentYearBP":70,"mostRecentYearCE":1880,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"38175","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc_grainradius.txt","linkText":"edc_grainradius.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"reported as radius","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size parameter>grain size mean"}]}],"dataTableName":"EDC GrainRadius Durand2004","dataTableNotes":"Grain radius from selected samples of the EPICA Dome C ice cores, 110-3100 metres depth.\r\nVertical thin sections were prepared in the field at a periodicity of 10 m, then digitized and analyzed using an image analysis procedure, to determine the mean grain radius.","earliestYear":696000,"earliestYearBP":696000,"earliestYearCE":-694050,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":2000,"mostRecentYearCE":-50,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"EPICA Dome C"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"EPICA Dome C - Conductivity, Isotope, and Dust Data ","studyNotes":null,"version":"1.0","xmlId":"1247"}