{"NOAAStudyId":"2489","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2006-07-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"ICE CORES","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-icecore-2489.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":740000,"earliestYearCE":-738050,"entryId":"noaa-icecore-2489","funding":[],"investigators":"Wolff, E.W.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/2489","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"Wolff, E.W. et al. 2006. Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles.  Nature, Vol. 440, pp. 491-496, 23 March 2006.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Nature","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2006,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19998","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-75.1","123.4"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"123.4","maxElevationMeters":"3240","minElevationMeters":"3240","northernmostLatitude":"-75.1","southernmostLatitude":"-75.1","westernmostLongitude":"123.4"}},"locationName":"Continent>Antarctica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"38159","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>ice core>chemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/wolff2006edc-chem.txt","linkText":"wolff2006edc-chem.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per square meter per year","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>calcium>non-sea-salt calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per square meter per year","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>iron"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per square meter per year","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>sodium>sea-salt sodium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per square meter per year","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>sulfate>non-sea-salt sulfate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per kilogram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>sodium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per kilogram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>sulfate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>bulk ice","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per kilogram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"EDC2","cvDataType":"ICE CORES","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age>ice age"}]}],"dataTableName":"EPICA-DomeC Chem Wolff2006","dataTableNotes":"Chemical concentrations were measured using ion chromatography (IC), with an estimated uncertainty on individual measurements of better than 5% (but rather higher at the lowest concentrations seen in interglacial periods). For the upper 580 m, IC Ca was considered unreliable, and Ca measured by continuous flow analysis (CFA) in parallel was substituted (see paper for details). For the IC measurements, samples were collected as the cumulative melt or cut from anything between 5 cm to 1.1 m of ice, and we present averages of 2.2 m increments, and averages of 2000 years. The timescale is EDC2, and the accumulation rates used to calculate flux also derive from EDC2. Non-sea-salt concentrations were calculated.  We calculated ssNa and nssCa assuming a Ca/Na weight ratio of 0.038 for marine aerosols and 1.78 for the average crust. nssSO42- was derived assuming a SO42-/Na ratio in marine aerosol of 0.1 \r\n(appropriate for a sea ice surface, but note that the use of a traditional sea water ratio of 0.25 would not affect the results significantly).\r\nAll the fluxes presented originally in Wolff et al (2006) were 8.3%\r\ntoo high due to an error in using the snow accumulation rates.  This\r\nfile is the corrected version, and therefore the values are lower than\r\nthose seen in the original figures.","earliestYear":740000,"earliestYearBP":740000,"earliestYearCE":-738050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"EPICA Dome C"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"EPICA Dome C - Ionic Chemistry Data","studyNotes":null,"version":"1.0","xmlId":"1253"}