{"NOAAStudyId":"23990","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-06-04","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"INSECT","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/insect","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-insect-23990.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":120000,"earliestYearCE":-118050,"entryId":"noaa-insect-23990","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"1108306, 1107411, 1454734"}],"investigators":"McFarlin, J.M.; Axford, Y.; Osburn, M.R.; Kelly, M.A.; Osterberg, E.; Farnsworth, L.B.","mostRecentYearBP":700,"mostRecentYearCE":1250,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23990","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Projections of future rates of mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet are highly uncertain because its sensitivity to warming is unclear. Geologic reconstructions of Quaternary interglacials can illustrate how the ice sheet responded during past warm periods, providing insights into ice sheet behavior and important tests for data-model comparisons. However, paleoclimate records from Greenland are limited: Early Holocene peak warmth has been quantified at only a few sites, and terrestrial sedimentary records of prior interglacials are exceptionally rare due to glacial erosion during the last glacial period. Here, we discuss findings from a lacustrine archive that records both the Holocene and the Last Interglacial (LIG) from Greenland, allowing for direct comparison between two interglacials. Sedimentary chironomid assemblages indicate peak July temperatures 4.0 to 7.0 C warmer than modern during the Early Holocene maximum in summer insolation. Chaoborus and chironomids in LIG sediments indicate July temperatures at least 5.5 to 8.5 C warmer than modern. These estimates indicate pronounced warming in northwest Greenland during both interglacials. This helps explain dramatic ice sheet thinning at Camp Century in northwest Greenland during the Early Holocene and, for the LIG, aligns with controversial estimates of Eemian warming from ice core data retrieved in northern Greenland. Converging geologic evidence for strong LIG warming is challenging to reconcile with inferred Greenland Ice Sheet extent during the LIG, and the two appear incompatible in many models of ice sheet evolution. An increase in LIG snowfall could help resolve this problem, pointing to the need for hydroclimate reconstructions from the region.","author":{"name":"Jamie M. McFarlin, Yarrow Axford, Magdalena R. Osburn, Meredith A. Kelly, Erich C. Osterberg, Lauren B. Farnsworth"},"citation":"Jamie M. McFarlin, Yarrow Axford, Magdalena R. Osburn, Meredith A. Kelly, Erich C. Osterberg, Lauren B. Farnsworth. 2018. Pronounced summer warming in northwest Greenland during the Holocene and Last Interglacial. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1720420115","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1073/pnas.1720420115","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720420115"},"issue":null,"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2018,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Pronounced summer warming in northwest Greenland during the Holocene and Last Interglacial","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57656","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["76.852","-66.959"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-66.959","maxElevationMeters":"517","minElevationMeters":"517","northernmostLatitude":"76.852","southernmostLatitude":"76.852","westernmostLongitude":"-66.959"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"36033","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>insecta>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/insecta/chironomidae/northamerica/greenland/waxlips2018cit.txt","linkText":"Wax Lips Lake Chironomid Data and Inferred Temperature","urlDescription":"NOAA Template","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tribe Pentaneurini","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"depth measured from top of core","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Procladius-type","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"subtribe Tanytarsini","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chironomus","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Sergentia","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Stictochironomus","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Psuedodiamesa","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Corynoneura/Thienemanniella","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Cricotopus/Orthocladius","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Eukiefferiella/Tvetenia","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Heterotrissicladius","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Hydrobaenus/Oliveridia","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Paracladius","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Psectrocladius","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zalutschia","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaoborus","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>identified insect>identified midge"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"raw count of whole midge head capsules that were no ID + unknown","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>insect index>midge index>total head capsules"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"total whole head capsules per gram wet sediment","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per gram","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>insect>insect index>midge index>total head capsules"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"weighted-average model with tolerance down-weighting and inverse-deshrinking and bootstrapping using Francis et al (2006) training set","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>biological assemblage>midge assemblage","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"WaxLips2018CIT","dataTableNotes":"Oldest Holocene year is 10 cal kyr BP. This core also contains a unit below the Holocene unit that is 14C nonfinite, and is interpretted as Last Interglacial sediments (~129-116 ka)","earliestYear":120000,"earliestYearBP":120000,"earliestYearCE":-118050,"mostRecentYear":700,"mostRecentYearBP":700,"mostRecentYearCE":1250,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Wax Lips Lake"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Wax Lips Lake, NW Greenland Holocene and Last Interglacial Chironomid Inferred Temperature","studyNotes":"Chironomid and Chaoborus assemblage data and midge-inferred temperature reconstructions for core 14WLL2A Wax Lips Lake in northwest Greenland through the Holocene and Last Interglacial","version":"1.0","xmlId":"22134"}