{"NOAAStudyId":"10455","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-03-26","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-10455.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1995,"earliestYearCE":-45,"entryId":"noaa-lake-10455","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OPP-9616288, ATM-9619583"}],"investigators":"Hu, F.S.; Ito, E.; Brown, T.A.; Curry, B.B.; Engstrom, D.R.","mostRecentYearBP":-12,"mostRecentYearCE":1962,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10455","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Paired oxygen-isotopic analyses of abiotic carbonate and benthic  \nostracode shells from lake sediments provide a continuous quantitative \nrecord of growing-season temperature for the past 2000 years in the \nnorthwestern foothills of the Alaska Range. This record reveals three \ntime intervals of comparable warmth: anno Domini (A.D.) 0-300, \n850-1200, and post-1800, the latter two of which correspond to the \nMedieval Climatic Anomaly and climatic amelioration after the end \nof the Little Ice Age. The Little Ice Age culminated at A.D. 1700, \nwhen the climate was -1.7°C colder than at present. A marked climatic \ncooling also occurred around A.D. 600, coinciding with extensive \nglacial advances in Alaska. Comparisons of this temperature record \nwith ostracode trace-element ratios (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) further suggest \nthat colder periods were wetter and vice versa during the past \n2000 years. \n","author":null,"citation":"Hu, F.S., E. Ito, T.A. Brown, B.B. Curry, and D.R. Engstrom. 2001.\nPronounced Climatic Variations in Alaska during the Last Two Millennia.  \nProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 98, No. 19, \npp. 10552-10556, Sep. 11, 2001.  DOI: 10.1073/pnas.181333798 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1073/pnas.181333798 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.181333798 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2001,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Pronounced Climatic Variations in Alaska during the Last Two Millennia","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Medieval Warm Period","Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37102","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["62.55","-153.6333"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-153.6333","maxElevationMeters":"320","minElevationMeters":"320","northernmostLatitude":"62.55","southernmostLatitude":"62.55","westernmostLongitude":"-153.6333"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Alaska","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19257","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>carbon isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/alaska/farewell2001.txt","linkText":"farewell2001.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"growing season; 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Candona ikpikpukensis","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>ostracod","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 point average","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 point average; Candona ikpikpukensis","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>ostracod","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Candona ikpikpukensis","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>ostracod","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/alaska/farewell2001.xls","linkText":"farewell2001.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"FW001","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":-45,"earliestYearBP":1995,"earliestYearCE":-45,"mostRecentYear":1962,"mostRecentYearBP":-12,"mostRecentYearCE":1962,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Farewell Lake"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Farewell Lake, Alaska 2000 Year d18O and Temperature Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Paired oxygen isotope data from abiotic carbonate and benthic  \nostracode shells and reconstructed growing season temperature \nfor the past 2000 years from Farewell Lake, in the northwestern \nfoothills of the Alaska Range. \n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9119"}