{"NOAAStudyId":"12503","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-02-13","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-12503.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":7775,"earliestYearCE":-5825,"entryId":"noaa-lake-12503","funding":[],"investigators":"Vasskog, K.; Paasche, O.; Nesje, A.; Boyle, J.; Birks, H.J.B.","mostRecentYearBP":-20,"mostRecentYearCE":1970,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12503","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We explore the possibility of building a continuous glacier \r\nreconstruction by analyzing the integrated sedimentary response \r\nof a large (440 km2) glacierized catchment in western Norway, \r\nas recorded in the downstream lake Nerfloen (N61°56', E6°52'). \r\nA multi-proxy numerical analysis demonstrates that it is possible \r\nto distinguish a glacier component in the ~8000-yr-long record, \r\nbased on distinct changes in grain size, geochemistry, and magnetic \r\ncomposition. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reveals a strong \r\ncommon signal in the 15 investigated sedimentary parameters, \r\nwith the first principal component explaining 77% of the \r\ntotal variability. This signal is interpreted to reflect glacier \r\nactivity in the upstream catchment, an interpretation that is \r\nindependently tested through a mineral magnetic provenance analysis \r\nof catchment samples.  Minimum glacier input is indicated between \r\n6700-5700 cal yr BP, probably reflecting a situation when most \r\nglaciers in the catchment had melted away, whereas the highest \r\nglacier activity is observed around 600 and 200 cal yr BP. \r\nDuring the local Neoglacial interval (~4200 cal yr BP until present), \r\nfive individual periods of significantly reduced glacier extent \r\nare identified at ~3400, 3000-2700, 2100-2000, 1700-1500, \r\nand ~900 cal yr BP. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"Vasskog, K., Ø. Paasche, A. Nesje, J.F. Boyle, and H.J.B. Birks. 2012. \r\nA new approach for reconstructing glacier variability based on \r\nlake sediments recording input from more than one glacier. \r\nQuaternary Research, Vol. 77, Issue 1, January 2012, pp 192-204. \r\ndoi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.10.001 \r\n\r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.yqres.2011.10.001","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.10.001"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Research","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A new approach for reconstructing glacier variability based on  lake sediments recording input from more than one glacier","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52698","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["61.9333","6.8667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"6.8667","maxElevationMeters":"29","minElevationMeters":"29","northernmostLatitude":"61.9333","southernmostLatitude":"61.9333","westernmostLongitude":"6.8667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Norway","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20856","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/nerfloen2012.txt","linkText":"nerfloen2012.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>iron"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-7 units","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"loss on ignition","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>organic matter"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment>dry sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per cubic centimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>density"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>rubidium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>strontium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>manganese"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>zirconium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>potassium/titanium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"very coarse silt","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"coarse silt","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"medium silt","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"fine silt","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"very fine silt","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>clay"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"axis 1","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"statistical variable>multivariate eigenvector-based variable>principal component"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/nerfloen2012.xls","linkText":"nerfloen2012.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"N2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":7775,"earliestYearBP":7775,"earliestYearCE":-5825,"mostRecentYear":-20,"mostRecentYearBP":-20,"mostRecentYearCE":1970,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Nerfloen"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Nerfloen Norway 7800 Year Lake Sediment Data ","studyNotes":"This file contains the data plotted in figure 8 in Vasskog et al. 2012. \nThis includes the first principal component (1st PC) of 15 lake sediment \nparameters, and the ratio between bulk magnetic susceptibility measured \nat 77K and 293K, plotted against a 4th degree polynomial age-depth model. \n\nPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) is employed to detect patterns \nof variability that are shared between the investigated lake sediment \nvariables. The PCA includes primary count rates of Fe, Rb, Mn, Sr, Zr, \nand the K/Ti ratio, six grain-size classes as compositional percentages, \nand physical sediment variables LOI, DBD, and XBulk, resulting in a \nfinal data set containing 15 different variables, with a stratigraphical \nresolution of one centimeter.  The first PCA explains 77% of the total \nvariability of the data set. \n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10546"}