{"NOAAStudyId":"13118","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-06-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-13118.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":11521,"earliestYearCE":-9571,"entryId":"noaa-lake-13118","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ARC-0714014, ARC-0909354"}],"investigators":"Balascio, N.L.; Bradley, R.S.","mostRecentYearBP":337,"mostRecentYearCE":1613,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13118","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We analyzed Holocene sedimentary records from two lakes in the Lofoten \r\nIslands, northern Norway to evaluate environmental changes during the \r\nHolocene related to northern North Atlantic climate dynamics. The lakes \r\nare located in different geomorphological settings, and thus provide \r\na contrast in their response to regional climate change. Environmental \r\nchanges at both lakes were interpreted based on magnetic susceptibility, \r\norganic-matter flux, C/N, d13Corg, Ti concentrations, and mass \r\naccumulation rates. Chronologies were established using 16 AMS \r\nradiocarbon dates, and average deposition rates in both environments \r\nare higher than 0.2 mm/year throughout the Holocene. At Vikjordvatnet, \r\nsedimentary geochemical properties define three distinct phases of \r\nsedimentation related to changes in aquatic productivity and gradual \r\nlandscape development. Following deglaciation, during the early Holocene \r\n(11.6–7.2 ka), aquatic productivity increased and the landscape \r\nstabilized as regional temperatures increased in response to higher \r\nsummer insolation and increasing inflow of warm Atlantic water into \r\nthe Norwegian Sea. Centennial-scale intervals of decreased organic-\r\nmatter flux, from 10.9 to 10.2 ka and 9.2 to 8.0 ka, record episodes \r\nof instability during the early Holocene. These may represent regional \r\ncooling events related to freshwater forcing and a slowdown of \r\nthe northward transport of warm water into the North Atlantic. \r\nDuring the mid-Holocene (7.2–4.8 ka) organic-matter properties show \r\nless variability and the timing of this phase corresponds with the \r\nregional Holocene thermal maximum. The late Holocene sediments \r\n(4.8 ka–present) record a transition to colder climate conditions. \r\nThe record from Fiskebølvatnet captures periodic changes in clastic \r\ninput related to runoff and exhibits high-frequency variations over \r\nthe last 9.5 ka. The most significant change in sedimentation was \r\nduring the late Holocene (4.3 ka–present) when the frequency \r\nand magnitude of runoff events show an abrupt transition to wetter \r\nconditions. The timing of this shift corresponds to other regional \r\nreconstructions that indicate wetter and colder conditions during \r\nthe late Holocene. \r\n\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Balascio, N.L. and R.S. Bradley. 2012. \r\nEvaluating Holocene climate change in northern Norway \r\nusing sediment records from two contrasting lake systems.\r\nJournal of Paleolimnology, Vol. 48, No. 1, June 2012, pp. 259-273. \r\nDOI: 10.1007/s10933-012-9604-7 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s10933-012-9604-7","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-012-9604-7"},"issue":null,"journal":"Journal of Paleolimnology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Evaluating Holocene climate change in northern Norway  using sediment records from two contrasting lake systems","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["PAGES Arctic 2k","PAGES 2k Network"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53201","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["68.41","14.8"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"14.8","maxElevationMeters":"23","minElevationMeters":"23","northernmostLatitude":"68.41","southernmostLatitude":"68.41","westernmostLongitude":"14.8"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Norway","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22577","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/lofoten2012.txt","linkText":"lofoten2012.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-5 units","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless (SI system)","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>volume magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"total organic carbon/total nitrogen","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>carbon/nitrogen"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"peak area integral","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>titanium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>organic matter"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/lofoten2012.xls","linkText":"lofoten2012.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"F2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":9542,"earliestYearBP":9542,"earliestYearCE":-7592,"mostRecentYear":381,"mostRecentYearBP":381,"mostRecentYearCE":1569,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Fiskebølvatnet"},{"NOAASiteId":"53202","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["68.23","14.06"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"14.06","maxElevationMeters":"23","minElevationMeters":"23","northernmostLatitude":"68.23","southernmostLatitude":"68.23","westernmostLongitude":"14.06"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Norway","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22578","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/lofoten2012.txt","linkText":"lofoten2012.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-5 units","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless (SI system)","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>volume magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"total organic carbon/total nitrogen","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>carbon/nitrogen"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"peak area integral","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>titanium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>organic matter"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per year","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/lofoten2012.xls","linkText":"lofoten2012.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"V2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":11521,"earliestYearBP":11521,"earliestYearCE":-9571,"mostRecentYear":337,"mostRecentYearBP":337,"mostRecentYearCE":1613,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Vikjordavatnet"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lofoten Islands, Norway Multiproxy Holocene Lake Sediment Data","studyNotes":"Multiproxy Holocene sediment data from 2 lakes in the Lofoten Islands, \nnorthern Norway. Paleoenvironmental proxies measured include magnetic \nsusceptibility, organic-matter flux, C/N, d13Corg, Ti concentrations, \nand mass accumulation rates. \n\nLofoten Islands lake locations: \nFiskebølvatnet: 68.41°N, 14.80°E, 23m elevation, 44m water depth. \nVikjordavatnet: 68.23°N, 14.06°W, 23m elevation, 21m water depth. ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11160"}