{"NOAAStudyId":"13120","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-07-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-13120.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":8155,"earliestYearCE":-6205,"entryId":"noaa-lake-13120","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US Geological Survey","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Anderson, L.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13120","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Over the period of instrumental records, precipitation maximum \r\nin the headwaters of the Colorado Rocky Mountains has been dominated \r\nby winter snow, with a substantial degree of interannual variability \r\nlinked to Pacific ocean-atmosphere dynamics. High-elevation snowpack \r\nis an important water storage that is carefully observed in order \r\nto meet increasing water demands in the greater semi-arid region. \r\nThe purpose here is to consider Rocky Mountain water trends during \r\nthe Holocene when known changes in earth's energy balance were \r\ncaused by precession-driven insolation variability. Changes in solar \r\ninsolation are thought to have influenced the variability and intensity \r\nof the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation \r\n(PDO), and North American Monsoon and the seasonal precipitation \r\nbalance between rain and snow at upper elevations. Holocene records \r\nare presented from two high elevation lakes located in northwest \r\nColorado that document decade-to-century scale precipitation seasonality \r\nfor the past ~7000 years. Comparisons with sub-tropical records of ENSO \r\nindicate that the snowfall-dominated precipitation maxima developed \r\n~3000 and 4000 years ago, coincident with evidence for enhanced \r\nENSO/PDO dynamics. During the early-to-mid Holocene the records \r\nsuggest a more monsoon affected precipitation regime with reduced \r\nsnowpack, more rainfall, and net moisture deficits that were more \r\nsevere than recent droughts. The Holocene perspective of precipitation \r\nindicates a far broader range of variability than that of the past \r\ncentury and highlights the non-linear character of hydroclimate \r\nin the U.S. west.","author":null,"citation":"Anderson, L. 2012. \r\nRocky Mountain Hydroclimate: Holocene variability and the role \r\nof insolation, ENSO and the North American Monsoon. \r\nGlobal and Planetary Change, Vol. 92-93, pp. 198-208 \r\ndoi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.05.012 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.05.012","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.05.012"},"issue":null,"journal":"Global and Planetary Change","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Rocky Mountain Hydroclimate: Holocene variability and the role  of insolation, ENSO and the North American Monsoon","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Pacific Decadal Oscillation","ENSO"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53204","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["39.652","-107.345"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-107.345","maxElevationMeters":"3170","minElevationMeters":"3170","northernmostLatitude":"39.652","southernmostLatitude":"39.652","westernmostLongitude":"-107.345"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Colorado","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22580","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/colorado/yellow2012.txt","linkText":"yellow2012.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Yellow and Bison Lake differences","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/colorado/yellow2012.xls","linkText":"yellow2012.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"YL2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":8155,"earliestYearBP":8155,"earliestYearCE":-6205,"mostRecentYear":-56,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Yellow Lake"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Yellow Lake, Colorado Holocene Calcite Oxygen Isotope Data ","studyNotes":"Calcite oxygen isotope (d180) data for the Holocene from Yellow Lake, \nnorthwest Colorado, USA. Calcite-d18O ratios of bulk sediment 32um size \nfraction from continuous intervals of 0.5 cm from 0 to 24 cm depth, \nat spaced intervals of 0.5 cm  from 24 to 70 cm depth and at spaced \nintervals of 2.0 cm from 70 to 224 cm depth.  See text for discussion \non changes in lake hydrology from an open to closed basin by ~3 ka \nand implications for interpretation.  Isotopic enrichment due to \nevaporation is the d18O difference from nearby Bison Lake (Dd18OYel-Bis) \ncalculated from 11-interval running averages of calibrated ages \nthat were within age errors. \n\nYellow Lake, Colorado, USA: 39.652°N, 107.345°W, 3170m elev","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11162"}