{"NOAAStudyId":"13458","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-10-22","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-13458.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1700,"earliestYearCE":250,"entryId":"noaa-lake-13458","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ARC 0851642, ARC 0649006, ARC 0714014"}],"investigators":"D'Andrea, W.J.; Vaillencourt, D.A.; Balascio, N.L.; Werner, A.; Roof, S.R.; Retelle, M.J.; Bradley, R.S.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13458","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Arctic region is subject to a great amplitude of climate variability and is currently undergoing large-scale changes due in part to anthropogenic global warming. Accurate projections of future change depend on anticipating the response of the Arctic climate system to forcing, and understanding how the response to human forcing will interact with natural climate variations. The Svalbard Archipelago occupies an important location for studying patterns and causes of Arctic climate variability; however, available paleoclimate records from Svalbard are of restricted use due to limitations of existing climate proxies. Here we present a sub-decadal- to multidecadal-scale record of summer temperature for the past 1800 yr from lake sediments of Kongressvatnet on West Spitsbergen, Svalbard, based on the first instrumental calibration of the alkenone paleothermometer. The age model for the High Arctic lake sediments is based on 210Pb, plutonium activity, and the first application of tephrochronology to lake sediments in this region. We find that the summer warmth of the past 50 yr recorded in both the instrumental and alkenone records was unmatched in West Spitsbergen in the course of the past 1800 yr, including during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, and that summers during the Little Ice Age (LIA) of the 18th and 19th centuries on Svalbard were not particularly cold, even though glaciers occupied their maximum Holocene extent. Our results suggest that increased wintertime precipitation, rather than cold temperatures, was responsible for LIA glaciations on Svalbard and that increased heat transport into the Arctic via the West Spitsbergen Current began ca. A.D. 1600. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"D'Andrea, W.J., D.A. Vaillencourt, N.L. Balascio, A. Werner, S.R. Roof, M. Retelle, and R.S. Bradley. 2012. \r\nMild Little Ice Age and unprecedented recent warmth in an 1800 year lake sediment record from Svalbard. \r\nGeology, November 2012, v. 40, p. 1007-1010.\r\nDOI: 10.1130/G33365.1","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G33365.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33365.1"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Mild Little Ice Age and unprecedented recent warmth in an 1800 year lake sediment record from Svalbard","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA)","Arctic","Air Temperature Reconstruction","Little Ice Age (LIA)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"54140","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["78.0217","13.9311"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"13.9311","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"78.0217","southernmostLatitude":"78.0217","westernmostLongitude":"13.9311"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Norway","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"23160","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction","earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/kongressvatnet2012.txt","linkText":"kongressvatnet2012.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index>alkenone unsaturation index Uk37"}]}],"dataTableName":"Kongressvatnet2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":250,"earliestYearBP":1700,"earliestYearCE":250,"mostRecentYear":2008,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Kongressvatnet"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Kongressvatnet, Svalbard, 1800 Year Lake Sediment Alkenone Paleotemperature","studyNotes":" 1800-year UK37 and inferred summer temperature reconstruction based on alkenone unsaturation in lake Kongressvatnet, western Svalbard \n Included data:\n UK37 measurements, inferred temperature, depth, age\n UK37 calibration data table\n Major oxides from all measured isolated tephra grains\n Age-depth model data (210Pb & 239+240Pu ages and tephra ages)\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11499"}