{"NOAAStudyId":"16014","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-01-17","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-16014.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":12000,"earliestYearCE":-10050,"entryId":"noaa-lake-16014","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"0909270"}],"investigators":"Levy, L.B.; Kelly, M.A.; Lowell, T.V.; Hall, B.L.; Hempel, L.A.; Honsaker, W.; Lusas, A.R.; Howley, J.A.; Axford, Y.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16014","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Greenland Ice Sheet is a major component of the Arctic cryosphere and the magnitude of its response to future climate changes remains uncertain. Longer-term records of climate near the ice sheet margin provide information about natural climate variability and can be used to understand the causes of past changes in the Greenland Ice Sheet. As a proxy for Holocene climate near the ice sheet margin, we reconstruct the fluctuations of Bregne ice cap in the Scoresby Sund region of central east Greenland. Bregne is a small ice cap (2.5 km2 in area) and responds sensitively to summer temperatures. We employ a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the ice cap fluctuations using geomorphic mapping, 10Be ages of boulders and bedrock and lake sediment records.\r\n\r\nPast extents of Bregne ice cap are marked by moraines and registered by sediments in downvalley lakes. 10Be ages of bedrock and boulders outboard of the moraines indicate that Bregne ice cap was within ~250 m of its present-day limit by at least 10.7 ka. Multi-proxy data from sediments in Two Move lake, located downvalley from Bregne ice cap, indicate that the ice cap likely completely disappeared during early and middle Holocene time. Increasing magnetic susceptibility and percent clastic material from ~6.5 to ~1.9 cal ka BP in Two Move lake sediments suggest progressively colder conditions and increased snow accumulation on the highlands west of the lake. Laminated silt deposited at ~2.6 cal ka BP and ~1.9 cal ka BP to present registers the onset and persistence of Bregne ice cap during the late Holocene. 10Be ages of boulders on an unweathered, unvegetated moraine in the Bregne ice cap forefield range from 0.74 to 9.60 ka. The youngest 10Be age (0.74 ka) likely represents the age of the moraine whereas older ages may be due to 10Be inherited from prior periods of exposure. This late Holocene moraine marks the second largest advance of the ice cap since deglaciation of the region at the end of the last ice age. The oldest moraine in the forefield dates to <=2.6 cal ka BP. The fluctuations of Bregne ice cap were likely influenced by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation throughout the Holocene and abrupt late Holocene cold events.","author":{"name":"Laura B. Levy, Meredith A. Kelly, Thomas V. Lowell, Brenda L. Hall, Laura A. Hempel, William M. Honsaker, Amanda R. Lusas, Jennifer A. Howley, Yarrow L. Axford"},"citation":"Laura B. Levy, Meredith A. Kelly, Thomas V. Lowell, Brenda L. Hall, Laura A. Hempel, William M. Honsaker, Amanda R. Lusas, Jennifer A. Howley, Yarrow L. Axford. 2014. Holocene fluctuations of Bregne ice cap, Scoresby Sund, east Greenland: a proxy for climate along the Greenland Ice Sheet margin. Quaternary Science Reviews. . doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.024","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.024","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.024"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Holocene fluctuations of Bregne ice cap, Scoresby Sund, east Greenland: a proxy for climate along the Greenland Ice Sheet margin","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55800","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["70.907","-25.595"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-25.595","maxElevationMeters":"800","minElevationMeters":"800","northernmostLatitude":"70.907","southernmostLatitude":"70.907","westernmostLongitude":"-25.595"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25985","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>age control"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/bregne2014-10be.txt","linkText":"Formatted text file","urlDescription":"Boulder 10Be ages","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Bregne10Be","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":12000,"earliestYearBP":12000,"earliestYearCE":-10050,"mostRecentYear":740,"mostRecentYearBP":740,"mostRecentYearCE":1210,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Bregne Ice Cap"},{"NOAASiteId":"55801","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["70.909","-25.585"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-25.585","maxElevationMeters":"690","minElevationMeters":"690","northernmostLatitude":"70.909","southernmostLatitude":"70.909","westernmostLongitude":"-25.585"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25982","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>magnetic susceptibility"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/last-chance2014ms.txt","linkText":"Formatted text file","urlDescription":"Last Chance Lake Magnetic Susceptibility","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-5 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","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>carbon>inorganic carbon"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological 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identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"depth in section","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>inorganic compound>silicon dioxide>biogenic silica"}]}],"dataTableName":"LastChanceLakeBioSi","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10000,"earliestYearBP":10000,"earliestYearCE":-8050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Last Chance Lake"},{"NOAASiteId":"55802","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["70.907","-25.591"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-25.591","maxElevationMeters":"790","minElevationMeters":"790","northernmostLatitude":"70.907","southernmostLatitude":"70.907","westernmostLongitude":"-25.591"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Greenland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25980","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>magnetic susceptibility"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/two-move2014ms.txt","linkText":"Formatted text file","urlDescription":"Two Move Lake Magnetic Susceptibility","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-5 units","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless (SI system)","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>volume magnetic susceptibility"}]}],"dataTableName":"TwoMoveLakeMS","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10000,"earliestYearBP":10000,"earliestYearCE":-8050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"25981","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/greenland/two-move2014composition.txt","linkText":"Formatted text file","urlDescription":"Two Move Lake Sediment Composition","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>carbon>inorganic carbon"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>organic matter"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"grainsize fraction <2um","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>clay"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"grainsize fraction 2-4um","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>silt"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"grainsize fraction 4-20um","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>silt"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"grainsize fraction 20-50um","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>silt"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"grainsize fraction 50-250um","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size class>sand"}]}],"dataTableName":"TwoMoveLakeComposition","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10000,"earliestYearBP":10000,"earliestYearCE":-8050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Two Move Lake"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Bregne Ice Cap East Greenland Holocene Paleolimnology Data","studyNotes":"Lake sediment analyses (MS, LOI, grainsize, 14C dating, Biogenic silica) from lakes near Bregne ice cap, Scoresby Sund, eastern Greenland. \nAlso included are 10Be ages from boulders on the historical moraines and boulders and bedrock just distal to the historical moraines.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13777"}