{"NOAAStudyId":"18036","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-02-23","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-18036.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1482,"earliestYearCE":468,"entryId":"noaa-lake-18036","funding":[],"investigators":"Elbert, J.; Jacques-Coper, M.; Van Daele, M.; Urrutia, R.; Grosjean, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-51,"mostRecentYearCE":2001,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18036","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"High-resolution records of calibrated proxy data for the past millennium are fundamental to place current changes into the context of pre-industrial natural forced and unforced variability. Although the need for regional spatially-explicit comprehensive reconstructions is widely recognized, the proxy data sources are still scarce, particularly for the Southern Hemisphere and especially for South America.\r\n\r\nWe present a 600-year long warm season temperature record from varved sediments of Lago Plomo, a proglacial lake of the Northern Patagonian Ice field in Southern Chile (46deg59'S, 72deg52'W, 203 m a.s.l.). The thickness of the bright summer sediment layer relative to the dark winter layer (measured as total brightness; % reflectance 400-730 nm) is calibrated against warm season SONDJF temperature (1900-2009; r = 0.58, p(aut) = 0.056, RE = 0.52; CE = 0.15, RMSEP = 0.28C; five-year triangular filtered data). In Lago Plomo, warm summer temperatures lead to enhanced glacier melt and suspended sediment transport, which results in thicker light summer layers and to brighter sediments. Although Patagonia shows pronounced regional differences in decadal temperature trends and variability, the 600 years temperature reconstruction from Lago Plomo compares favourably with other regional/continental temperature records, but also emphasizes significant regional differences for which no data and information existed so far. These regional differences seem to be real as they are also reflected in modern climate data sets (1900-2010). The reconstruction shows pronounced subdecadal - multidecadal variability with cold phases during parts of the Little Ice Age (16th and 18th centuries) and in the beginning of the 20th century. The most prominent warm phase is the 19th century which is as warm as the second half of the 20th century. The exceptional summer warmth AD 1780-1810 is also found in other archives of Northern Patagonia and Central Chile. Our record shows the delayed 20th century warming in the Southern Hemisphere.\r\n\r\nThe comparison between winter precipitation and summer temperature (inter-seasonal coupling) from Lago Plomo reveals alternating phases with parallel and contrasting decadal trends of winter precipitation and summer temperature (positive and negative running correlations Rwinter PP; summer TT). This observation from the sediment proxy data is also confirmed by two sets of reanalysis data for the 20th century. Reanalysis data show that phases with negative correlations between winter precipitation and summer temperature (e.g., dry winters and warm summers) at Lago Plomo are characteristic for periods when circumpolar Westerly flow is displaced southward and enhanced around 60S.","author":{"name":"Julie Elbert, Martin Jacques-Coper, Maarten Van Daele, Roberto Urrutia, Martin Grosjean"},"citation":"Julie Elbert, Martin Jacques-Coper, Maarten Van Daele, Roberto Urrutia, Martin Grosjean. 2015. A 600 years warm-season temperature record from varved sediments of Lago Plomo, Northern Patagonia, Chile (47°S). Quaternary International. . doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.004","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.004","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.004"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary International","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A 600 years warm-season temperature record from varved sediments of Lago Plomo, Northern Patagonia, Chile (47°S)","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52450","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-46.9833","-72.8667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-72.8667","maxElevationMeters":"203","minElevationMeters":"203","northernmostLatitude":"-46.9833","southernmostLatitude":"-46.9833","westernmostLongitude":"-72.8667"}},"locationName":"Continent>South America>Chile","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"28375","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/southamerica/chile/plomo2015temp.txt","linkText":"Lago Plomo Summer Temperature Reconstruction","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on sediment brightness","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"6-month period>Sep-Feb","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on sediment brightness","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"6-month period>Sep-Feb","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on sediment brightness","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"6-month period>Sep-Feb","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"Plomo2015temp","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1383,"earliestYearBP":567,"earliestYearCE":1383,"mostRecentYear":2001,"mostRecentYearBP":-51,"mostRecentYearCE":2001,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"28376","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/southamerica/chile/plomo2015brightness.txt","linkText":"Lago Plomo Sediment Brightness Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"% reflectance 400-730 nm","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>reflectance"}]}],"dataTableName":"Plomo2015brightness","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":468,"earliestYearBP":1482,"earliestYearCE":468,"mostRecentYear":1960,"mostRecentYearBP":-10,"mostRecentYearCE":1960,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"},{"NOAADataTableId":"28377","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/southamerica/chile/plomo2015age.txt","linkText":"Lago Plomo Age Model","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"cumulative varve thickness","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>varve thickness"}]}],"dataTableName":"Plomo2015age","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":468,"earliestYearBP":1482,"earliestYearCE":468,"mostRecentYear":1960,"mostRecentYearBP":-10,"mostRecentYearCE":1960,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Lago Plomo"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lago Plomo 600 Year Sediment Brightness and Summer Temperature Reconstruction","studyNotes":"Sediment total brightness, varve-based age model, and summer (SONDJF) temperature reconstruction for the past 600 years from core PLO2011, Lago Plomo, Chile.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15739"}