{"NOAAStudyId":"18176","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-03-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-18176.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":12412,"earliestYearCE":-10462,"entryId":"noaa-lake-18176","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Norwegian Research Council (NCR)","fundingGrant":"SHIFTS"}],"investigators":"Wittmeier, H.E.; Bakke, J.; Vasskog, K.; Trachsel, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18176","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Late Glacial and Holocene glacier fluctuations are important indicators of climate variability in the northern polar region and contain knowledge vital to understanding and predicting present and future climate changes. However, there still is a lack of robustly dated terrestrial climate records from Arctic Norway. Here, we present a high-resolution relative glacier activity record covering the past ~10,000 cal. a BP from the northern outlet of the Langfjordjøkelen ice cap in Arctic Norway. This record is reconstructed from detailed geomorphic mapping, multi-proxy sedimentary fingerprinting and analyses of distal glacier-fed lake sediments. We used Principal Component Analysis to characterize sediments of glacial origin and trace them in a chain of downstream lakes. Of the variability in the sediment record of the uppermost Lake Jøkelvatnet, 73% can be explained by the first Principal Component axis and tied directly to upstream glacier erosion, whereas the glacial signal becomes weaker in the more distal Lakes Store Rundvatnet and Storvatnet. Magnetic susceptibility and titanium count rates were found to be the most suitable indicators of Holocene glacier activity in the distal glacier-fed lakes. The complete deglaciation of the valley of Sør-Tverrfjorddalen occurred ~10,000 cal. a BP, followed by a reduced or absent glacier during the Holocene Thermal Optimum. The Langfjordjøkelen ice cap reformed with the onset of the Neoglacial ~4100 cal. a BP, and the gradually increasing glacier activity culminated at the end of the Little Ice Age in the early 20th century. Over the past 2000 cal. a BP, the record reflects frequent high-amplitude glacier fluctuations. Periods of reduced glacier activity were centered around 1880, 1600, 1250 and 950 cal. a BP, while intervals of increased glacier activity occurred around 1680, 1090, 440 and 25 cal. a BP. The large-scale Holocene glacier activity of the Langfjordjøkelen ice cap is consistent with regional temperature proxy reconstructions and glacier variability across Norway. Long-term changes in the extent of the northern outlet of the Langfjordjøkelen ice cap largely followed trends in regional summer temperatures, whereas winter season atmospheric variability may have triggered decadal-scale glacial fluctuations and generally affected the amplitude of glacier events.","author":{"name":"Hella E. Wittmeier, Jostein Bakke, Kristian Vasskog, Mathias Trachsel"},"citation":"Hella E. Wittmeier, Jostein Bakke, Kristian Vasskog, Mathias Trachsel. 2015. Reconstructing Holocene glacier activity at Langfjordjøkelen, Arctic Norway, using multi-proxy fingerprinting of distal glacier-fed lake sediments. Quaternary Science Reviews, 114, 78-99. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.007","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.007","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.007"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":"78-99","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Reconstructing Holocene glacier activity at Langfjordjøkelen, Arctic Norway, using multi-proxy fingerprinting of distal glacier-fed lake sediments","type":"publication","volume":"114"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56483","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["70.1725","21.7008"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"21.7008","maxElevationMeters":"156","minElevationMeters":"156","northernmostLatitude":"70.1725","southernmostLatitude":"70.1725","westernmostLongitude":"21.7008"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Norway","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"28514","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/norway/jokelvatnet2015ti.txt","linkText":"Lake Jøkelvatnet 12,000 Year Sediment Titanium Data","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"kcounts/second","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>titanium"}]}],"dataTableName":"Jokelvatnet2015Ti","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":12412,"earliestYearBP":12412,"earliestYearCE":-10462,"mostRecentYear":-55,"mostRecentYearBP":-55,"mostRecentYearCE":2005,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lake Jøkelvatnet"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lake Jøkelvatnet, Arctic Norway 12,000 Year Sediment Titanium Data","studyNotes":"Titanium concentration data from sediment core JØP-112 collected from Lake Jøkelvatnet, Arctic Norway.  Jøkelvatnet is a distal glacier-fed lake of the Langfjordjøkelen ice cap, in the Sør-Tverrfjorddalen valley, Finnmark County, Norway.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15859"}