{"NOAAStudyId":"22416","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-07-10","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-22416.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":3654,"earliestYearCE":-1704,"entryId":"noaa-lake-22416","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Marie Curie Fellowship","fundingGrant":"TASCLIM PIIF-GA-2009-237001"}],"investigators":"Saunders, K.M.; Kamenik, C.; Hodgson, D.A.; Hunziker, S.; Siffert, L.; Fischer, D.; Fujak, M.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Grosjean, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22416","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Accurate projections of future climate changes in regions susceptible to drought depend on a good understanding of past climate changes and the processes driving them. In the absence of longer term instrumental data, paleoclimate data are needed. In this study we develop a precipitation reconstruction for Rebecca Lagoon (41 11'S, 144 41'E), northwest Tasmania. First, the relationship between scanning reflectance spectroscopy measurements of sediment cores in the visible spectrum (380-730 nm) and instrumental precipitation record (1912-2009) was used to develop a model to reconstruct precipitation back in time. Results showed that the ratio of reflectance between 660 and 670 nm (i.e., reflectance at 660 nm/reflectance at 670 nm; a measure of pigment diagenesis) was significantly related to annual precipitation. A calibration model was developed (R = -0.56, pauto < 0.001, RMSEP = 43.0 mm yr- 1, 5 year triangular filtered data, calibration period 1912-2009). Second, this calibration-in-time model was used to reconstruct late Holocene precipitation changes over the last ~ 3000 years. This showed relatively dry conditions from ca. 3100-2800 cal yr BP, wet conditions from ca. 2800-2400 cal yr BP, dry conditions from ca. 2400-2000 calyr BP, and variable conditions after this. Relatively wet conditions occurred from ca. 500 cal yr BP to the late AD 1800 s (ca. 50 cal. yr BP). The precipitation reconstruction indicates that conditions were relatively dry for the 20th century compared to the last ~ 3000 years. In particular, the dry period measured in recent decades is one of the most intense in at least the last 500 years. As precipitation in this region is primarily driven by the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds, these changes are discussed in terms of shifts in westerly wind strength and/or position.","author":{"name":"Saunders, K.M.; Kamenik, C.; Hodgson, D.A.; Hunziker, S.; Siffert, L.; Fischer, D.; Fujak, M.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Grosjean, M."},"citation":"Saunders, K.M.; Kamenik, C.; Hodgson, D.A.; Hunziker, S.; Siffert, L.; Fischer, D.; Fujak, M.; Gibson, J.A.E.; Grosjean, M. 2012. Late Holocene changes in precipitation in northwest Tasmania and their potential links to shifts in the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. Global and Planetary Change, 92-93, 82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.04.005","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.04.005","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.04.005"},"issue":null,"journal":"Global and Planetary Change","pages":"82-91","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Late Holocene changes in precipitation in northwest Tasmania and their potential links to shifts in the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds","type":"publication","volume":"92-93"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Precipitation Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57367","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-41.183","144.683"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"144.683","maxElevationMeters":"8","minElevationMeters":"8","northernmostLatitude":"-41.183","southernmostLatitude":"-41.183","westernmostLongitude":"144.683"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>Australia>Tasmania","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33547","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/australia/rebecca2012refl.txt","linkText":"Rebecca Lagoon  Sediment Reflectance Data","urlDescription":"Formatted Text Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Ratio between reflectance at 660 and 670 nm wavelength - degree of diagenesis","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"spectrophotometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>reflectance"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Ratio between reflectance at 660 and 670 nm wavelength - degree of diagenesis; Relationship based on correlation with Instrumental records 1911-2000","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"spectrophotometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>reflectance"}]}],"dataTableName":"Rebecca2012refl","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":3654,"earliestYearBP":3654,"earliestYearCE":-1704,"mostRecentYear":-58,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"33548","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/australia/rebecca2012precip.txt","linkText":"Rebecca Lagoon Precipitation Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Formatted Text Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on sediment reflectance; R= -0.56 P auto < 0.001 RMSEP = 43.0 mm/year; Relationship based on correlation with Instrumental records 1911-2000; 51 year filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter per year","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Relationship based on correlation of sediment reflectance with Instrumental records 1911-2000; 5 year filter; R= -0.56 P auto < 0.001 RMSEP = 43.0 mm/year","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter per year","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Relationship based on correlation of sediment reflectance with Instrumental records 1911-2000; 51 year filter; R= -0.56 P auto < 0.001 RMSEP = 43.0 mm/year","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter per year","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on sediment reflectance; R= -0.56 P auto < 0.001 RMSEP = 43.0 mm/year; 5 year filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter per year","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"Rebecca2012precip","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":3188,"earliestYearBP":3188,"earliestYearCE":-1238,"mostRecentYear":4,"mostRecentYearBP":4,"mostRecentYearCE":1946,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Rebecca Lagoon"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Rebecca Lagoon, Tasmania 3,700 Year Sediment Reflectance and Precipitation Reconstruction","studyNotes":"Sediment reflectance data from Rebecca Lagoon, Tasmania, plus precipitation reconstructions spanning the past 3,700 years. 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