{"NOAAStudyId":"23372","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-02-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-23372.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":10961,"earliestYearCE":-9011,"entryId":"noaa-lake-23372","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swedish Research Council ","fundingGrant":"349-2012-6291"}],"investigators":"Labuhn, I.; Hammarlund, D.; Chapron, E.; Czymzik, M.; Dumoulin, J.-P.; Nilsson, A.; Régnier, E.; Robygd, J.; von Grafenstein, U.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23372","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Despite the societal importance of extreme hydroclimate events, few palaeoenvironmental studies of Scandinavian lake sediments have investigated flood occurrences. Here we present a flood history based on lithological, geochemical and mineral magnetic records of a Holocene sediment sequence collected from contourite drift deposits in Lake Storsjön (63.12N, 14.37E). After the last deglaciation, the lake began to form around 9800 cal yr BP, but glacial activity persisted in the catchment for ~250 years. Element concentrations and mineral magnetic properties of the sediments indicate relatively stable sedimentation conditions during the Holocene. However, human impact in the form of expanding agriculture is evident from about 1100 cal yr BP, and intensified in the 20th century. Black layers containing iron sulphide appear irregularly throughout the sequence. The increased influx of organic matter during flood events led to decomposition and oxygen consumption, and eventually to anoxic conditions in the interstitial water preserving these layers. Elevated frequencies of black layer occurrence between 3600 and 1800 cal yr BP reflect vegetation changes in the catchment as well as large-scale climatic change. Soil erosion during snowmelt flood events increased with a tree line descent since the onset of the neoglacial period (~4000 cal yr BP). The peak in black layer occurrence coincides with a prominent solar minimum ~2600 cal yr BP, which may have accentuated the observed pattern due to the prevalence of a negative NAO index, a longer snow accumulation period and consequently stronger snowmelt floods.","author":{"name":"Inga Labuhn, Dan Hammarlund, Emmanuel Chapron, Markus Czymzik, Jean-Pascal Dumoulin, Andreas Nilsson, Edouard Régnier, Joakim Robygd, Ulrich von Grafenstein"},"citation":"Inga Labuhn, Dan Hammarlund, Emmanuel Chapron, Markus Czymzik, Jean-Pascal Dumoulin, Andreas Nilsson, Edouard Régnier, Joakim Robygd, Ulrich von Grafenstein. 2018. Holocene Hydroclimate Variability in Central Scandinavia Inferred from Flood Layers in Contourite Drift Deposits in Lake Storsjön. Quaternary, 1(1), 2. doi: 10.3390/quat1010002","edition":"2","identifier":{"id":"10.3390/quat1010002","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat1010002"},"issue":"1","journal":"Quaternary","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2018,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Holocene Hydroclimate Variability in Central Scandinavia Inferred from Flood Layers in Contourite Drift Deposits in Lake Storsjön","type":"publication","volume":"1"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57592","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["63.12","14.37"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"14.37","maxElevationMeters":"292","minElevationMeters":"292","northernmostLatitude":"63.12","southernmostLatitude":"63.12","westernmostLongitude":"14.37"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Sweden","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"35153","coreLengthMeters":4,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/sweden/storsjon2018flood.txt","linkText":"Lake Storsjön Geochemical and Paleoflood Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"midpoint of the 50-year interval","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"number of black layers per 50 year interval","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"formation property>event layer"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"heated to 105 degrees C for 2 hours","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"loss on ignition","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"physical property>porosity>water content"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"combusted at 550 degrees C for 4 hours","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"loss on ignition","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>bulk biological material>organic matter"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>titanium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>silicon"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>iron"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>copper"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>phosphorus"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>sulfur"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>molybdenum/aluminum"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>zirconium/potassium"}]}],"dataTableName":"StorsjönSTO14","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10961,"earliestYearBP":10961,"earliestYearCE":-9011,"mostRecentYear":-56,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lake Storsjön"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lake Storsjön Mineral and Paleoflood Data","studyNotes":"Sediment geochemical data and flood layers from Lake Storsjön, Sweden for the past 11,000 years","version":"1.0","xmlId":"21536"}