{"NOAAStudyId":"24631","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-07-18","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-24631.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1219118,"earliestYearCE":-1217168,"entryId":"noaa-lake-24631","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"EAR-0602350"},{"fundingAgency":"American Chemical Society","fundingGrant":"54376-DNI8"}],"investigators":"Ivory, S.J.; Blome, M.W.; King, J.W.; McGlue, M.M.; Cole, J.E.; Cohen, A.S.","mostRecentYearBP":10475,"mostRecentYearCE":-8525,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24631","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Long paleoecological records are critical for understanding evolutionary responses to environmental forcing and unparalleled tools for elucidating the mechanisms that lead to the development of regions of high biodiversity. We use a 1.2-My record from Lake Malawi, a textbook example of biological diversification, to document how climate and tectonics have driven ecosystem and evolutionary dynamics. Before ~800 ka, Lake Malawi was much shallower than today, with higher frequency but much lower amplitude water-level and oxygenation changes. Since ~800 ka, the lake has experienced much larger environmental fluctuations, best explained by a punctuated, tectonically driven rise in its outlet location and level. Following the reorganization of the basin, a change in the pacing of hydroclimate variability associated with the Mid-Pleistocene Transition resulted in hydrologic change dominated by precession rather than the high-latitude teleconnections recorded elsewhere. During this time, extended, deep lake phases have abruptly alternated with times of extreme aridity and ecosystem variability. Repeated crossings of hydroclimatic thresholds within the lake system were critical for establishing the rhythm of diversification, hybridization, and extinction that dominate the modern system. The chronology of these changes closely matches both the timing and pattern of phylogenetic history inferred independently for the lake's extraordinary array of cichlid fish species, suggesting a direct link between environmental and evolutionary dynamics.","author":{"name":"Sarah J. Ivory, Margaret W. Blome, John W. King, Michael M. McGlue, Julia E. Cole, and Andrew S. Cohen"},"citation":"Sarah J. Ivory, Margaret W. Blome, John W. King, Michael M. McGlue, Julia E. Cole, and Andrew S. Cohen. 2016. Environmental change explains cichlid adaptive radiation at Lake Malawi over the past 1.2 million years. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(42), 11895-11900. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1611028113","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1073/pnas.1611028113","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611028113"},"issue":"42","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":"11895-11900","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Environmental change explains cichlid adaptive radiation at Lake Malawi over the past 1.2 million years","type":"publication","volume":"113"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56660","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-11.29389","34.43722"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"34.43722","maxElevationMeters":"500","minElevationMeters":"500","northernmostLatitude":"-11.29389","southernmostLatitude":"-11.29389","westernmostLongitude":"34.43722"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Eastern 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