{"NOAAStudyId":"5452","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2007-03-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-5452.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1500,"earliestYearCE":450,"entryId":"noaa-lake-5452","funding":[],"investigators":"Russell, J.M.; Johnson, T.C.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5452","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"High-resolution analyses of the Mg concentration in authigenic calcite in  five cores from Lake Edward provide a water balance history of central  equatorial Africa spanning the past 1400 yr. A high ratio of Mg to Ca (%Mg)  indicates strong droughts in central Africa during the Little Ice Age  (A.D. 1400-1750), in contrast to records from Lake Naivasha, Kenya,  which suggest a wet Little Ice Age. This spatial pattern in Africa likely  arose due to coupled changes in the high latitudes, the position of the  Intertropical Convergence Zone, and the El Niņo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)  system. Our results further suggest that the patterns and variability of  twentieth-century rainfall in central Africa have been unusually conducive to human welfare in the context of the past 1400 yr.","author":null,"citation":"Russell, J.M., T.C. Johnson. 2007. Little Ice Age drought in equatorial Africa: Intertropical Convergence Zone migrations and El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability. Geology Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 21-24","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2007,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Little Ice Age drought in equatorial Africa: Intertropical Convergence Zone migrations and El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"8889","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-.4167","29.75"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"29.75","maxElevationMeters":"917","minElevationMeters":"917","northernmostLatitude":"-0.4167","southernmostLatitude":"-0.4167","westernmostLongitude":"29.75"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Eastern Africa","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"8106","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/eastafrica/edward2007.txt","linkText":"edward2007.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate>calcite","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>magnesium"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/eastafrica/edward2007.xls","linkText":"edward2007.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Lake Edward Russell07","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1500,"earliestYearBP":1500,"earliestYearCE":450,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lake Edward"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lake Edward 1400 Year High Resolution Calcite Mg Data","studyNotes":"Analyses of authigenic calcite %Mg spanning the past 1400 cal yr B.P. from \nLake Edward, East African Rift Valley, Uganda/Democratic Republic of the Congo. ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"681"}