{"NOAAStudyId":"5455","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2005-05-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-5455.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":967,"earliestYearCE":983,"entryId":"noaa-lake-5455","funding":[],"investigators":"Stager, J.C.; Ryves, D.B.; Cumming, B.F.; Meeker, L.D.; Beer, J.","mostRecentYearBP":29,"mostRecentYearCE":1921,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5455","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"A new diatom series with 1-6 year resolution from Lake Victoria, East Africa,  shows that lake level minima occurred ca. 820-760, 680-660, 640-620, 370-340,  and 220-150 calendar years BP. Inferred lake levels were exceptionally high  during most of the Little Ice Age  (ca. 600-200 calendar years BP).  Synchrony between East African high lake levels and prolonged sunspot minima  during much of the last millenium may reflect solar variability's effects on  tropical rainfall, but those relationships reversed sign ca. 200 years ago.  Historical records also show that Victoria lake levels rose during every peak  of the ca. 11-year sunspot cycle since the late 19th century. These findings  suggest that, if these apparent tropical sun-climate associations during the  last millenium were real, then they were subject to abrupt sign reversals.","author":null,"citation":"Stager, J.C., D. Ryves, B.F. Cumming, L.D. Meeker, J. Beer. 2005. Solar variability and the levels of Lake Victoria, East Africa, during the last millenium. Journal of Paleolimnology Vol. 33, Issue 2, Feb. 2005, pp. 243-251","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Journal of Paleolimnology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2005,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Solar variability and the levels of Lake Victoria, East Africa, during the last millenium","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"8891","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[".3","33.3333"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"33.3333","maxElevationMeters":"1135","minElevationMeters":"1135","northernmostLatitude":"0.3","southernmostLatitude":"0.3","westernmostLongitude":"33.3333"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Eastern Africa>Uganda","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"8112","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/eastafrica/victoria2005.txt","linkText":"victoria2005.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>biological assemblage>diatom assemblage","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microsiemens per centimeter","cvWhat":"electrical property>electrical conductivity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>lake water","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microsiemens per centimeter","cvWhat":"electrical property>electrical conductivity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"before 2000 CE","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>diatom>diatom index>diatom tolerance-based index>total shallow water diatoms"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/eastafrica/victoria2005.xls","linkText":"victoria2005.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"64-2 conductivity","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":967,"earliestYearBP":967,"earliestYearCE":983,"mostRecentYear":29,"mostRecentYearBP":29,"mostRecentYearCE":1921,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lake Victoria, Pilkington Bay core 64-2"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lake Victoria 1,000 Year Diatom-Based Conductivity Reconstruction","studyNotes":"Lake Victoria High-Resolution Diatom-Based Conductivity Reconstruction.  Shallow water diatom percentage and inferred conductivity, interpreted as a proxy for lake level over the last millennia.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"633"}