{"NOAAStudyId":"6198","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2008-11-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-6198.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1930,"earliestYearCE":20,"entryId":"noaa-lake-6198","funding":[],"investigators":"MacDonald, G.M.; Porinchu, D.F.; Rolland, N.; Kremenetskii, K.V.; Kaufman, D.S.","mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/6198","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Instrumental climate records from the central Canadian treeline zone display a pattern of variation similar to general Northern Hemisphere temperature trends. To examine whether this general correspondence extends back beyond the instrumental record, we obtained a sediment core from Lake S41, a small lake in the Northwest Territories of Canada at 63deg 43.11'N, 109 deg 19.07'W. A radiocarbon-based chronology was developed for the core. The sediments were analyzed for organic-matter content by loss-on-ignition (LOI), biogenic-silica content (BSi), and chironomid community composition to reconstruct July air temperature \r\nand summer water temperature. The paleolimnological records were compared with records of atmospheric CO2 concentration, solar variability, and hemispheric temperature variations over the past 2000 years. The results of the analyses suggest that widely-documented long-term variations in Northern Hemisphere temperature associated with radiative forcing, \r\nnamely the cooling following the medieval period during the Little Ice Age (LIA), and twentieth century warming, are represented in the central Canadian treeline zone. There is also evidence of a brief episode of warming during the eighteenth century. As evidenced by LOI and BSi, the twentieth century warming is typified by increased lake productivity relative to the LIA. Depending upon the measure, the increased productivity of the twentieth century nearly equals or exceeds that of any other period in the past 2000 years. In contrast, the rate of chironomid head capsule accumulation decreased and remained low during the twentieth century. Although the chironomid-inferred temperature reconstructions indicate \r\ncooling during the LIA, they present no evidence of greatly increased temperatures during the twentieth century. Warming during the twentieth century might have enhanced lake stratification, and the response of the chironomid fauna to warming was attenuated by decreased oxygen and lower temperatures in the hypolimnion of the more stratification-prone lake.","author":{"name":"MacDonald, G.M., D.F. Porinchu, N. Rolland, K.V. Kremenetsky, and D.S. Kaufman"},"citation":"MacDonald, G.M., D.F. Porinchu, N. Rolland, K.V. Kremenetsky, and D.S. Kaufman. 2009. Paleolimnological evidence of the response of the central Canadian treeline zone to radiative forcing and hemispheric patterns of temperature change over the past 2000 years. Journal of Paleolimnology, 41(1), 129-141. doi: 10.1007/s10933-008-9250-2","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s10933-008-9250-2","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-008-9250-2"},"issue":"1","journal":"Journal of Paleolimnology","pages":"129-141","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Paleolimnological evidence of the response of the central Canadian treeline zone to radiative forcing and hemispheric patterns of temperature change over the past 2000 years","type":"publication","volume":"41"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["PAGES Arctic 2k","Air Temperature Reconstruction","PAGES 2k Network"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"20673","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["63.718","-109.318"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-109.318","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"63.718","southernmostLatitude":"63.718","westernmostLongitude":"-109.318"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Canada>Northwest Territories","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"9518","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/canada/nwt/s41-2008.txt","linkText":"s41-2008.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Head capsule accumulation rate","cvDataType":"INSECT|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological 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